Linitis plastica pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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*Metastasis to the [[peritoneum]], [[lymph node]]s and/or other organs usually occurs by the time linitis plastica is diagnosed. Linitis plastica may also occur secondary to metastasis from other primary cancers, particularly infiltrating lobular carcinoma of breast.<ref>Gastric linitis plastica. Orphanet. http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=36273 Accessed on December 7, 2015.</ref> | *Metastasis to the [[peritoneum]], [[lymph node]]s and/or other organs usually occurs by the time linitis plastica is diagnosed. Linitis plastica may also occur secondary to metastasis from other primary cancers, particularly infiltrating lobular carcinoma of breast.<ref>Gastric linitis plastica. Orphanet. http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=36273 Accessed on December 7, 2015.</ref> | ||
*''CDH1'' ([[E-cadherin]]) gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of hereditary form of diffuse | *Germline mutations in the ''CDH1'' ([[E-cadherin]]) gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of hereditary form of diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma, that is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, with 70% disease penetrance.<ref>Gastric linitis plastica. Orphanet. http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=36273 Accessed on November 19, 2015.</ref><ref name="WolfGeigl2010">{{cite journal|last1=Wolf|first1=E.-M.|last2=Geigl|first2=J.B.|last3=Svrcek|first3=M.|last4=Vieth|first4=M.|last5=Langner|first5=C.|title=Hereditäres Magenkarzinom|journal=Der Pathologe|volume=31|issue=6|year=2010|pages=423–429|issn=0172-8113|doi=10.1007/s00292-010-1353-7}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 18:35, 7 December 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2]
Overview
On gross pathology, thick, rigid, leather bottle-like stomach from diffuse infiltration of the stomach wall by the tumor cells are characteristic findings of linitis plastica.[1] On microscopic histopathological analysis, atypical signet ring cells diffusely infiltrating the stomach wall, submucosal fibrosis and thickening, with minimal mucosal involvement are characteristic findings of linitis plastica.
Pathophysiology
- On gross pathology, thick, rigid, leather bottle-like stomach from diffuse infiltration of the stomach wall by the tumor cells are characteristic findings of linitis plastica.[1]
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, poorly differentiated, atypical signet ring cells diffusely infiltrating the stomach wall, submucosal fibrosis and thickening, with minimal mucosal involvement are characteristic findings of linitis plastica.[2][3]
- As a result of the infiltration and fibrosis, there is diffuse thickening and rigidity of the gastric wall, making the process of digestion difficult.
- Mucosa is usually spared and rarely shows superficial ulcerations on endoscopy, that has a wide differential diagnosis, making the diagnosis even more difficult. The biopsies are falsely negative, as the disease remains mostly submucosal.[2]
- Although the lower mucosal and submucosal layers are mostly involved, the muscular and subserosal layers may also be infiltrated with the neoplastic cells.[4]
- Metastasis to the peritoneum, lymph nodes and/or other organs usually occurs by the time linitis plastica is diagnosed. Linitis plastica may also occur secondary to metastasis from other primary cancers, particularly infiltrating lobular carcinoma of breast.[5]
- Germline mutations in the CDH1 (E-cadherin) gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of hereditary form of diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma, that is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, with 70% disease penetrance.[6][7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Linitis plastica. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linitis_plastica Accessed on November 18, 2015.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schauer, M; Peiper, M; Theisen, J; Knoefel, W (2011). "Prognostic factors in patients with diffuse type gastric cancer (linitis plastica) after operative treatment". European Journal of Medical Research. 16 (1): 29. doi:10.1186/2047-783X-16-1-29. ISSN 2047-783X.
- ↑ Stomach cancer. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_cancer Accessed on November 19, 2015.
- ↑ Bing Hu, Nassim El Hajj, Scott Sittler, Nancy Lammert, Robert Barnes & Aurelia Meloni-Ehrig (2012). "Gastric cancer: Classification, histology and application of molecular pathology". Journal of gastrointestinal oncology. 3 (3): 251–261. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2012.021. PMID 22943016. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Gastric linitis plastica. Orphanet. http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=36273 Accessed on December 7, 2015.
- ↑ Gastric linitis plastica. Orphanet. http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=36273 Accessed on November 19, 2015.
- ↑ Wolf, E.-M.; Geigl, J.B.; Svrcek, M.; Vieth, M.; Langner, C. (2010). "Hereditäres Magenkarzinom". Der Pathologe. 31 (6): 423–429. doi:10.1007/s00292-010-1353-7. ISSN 0172-8113.