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| *Q fever | | *Q fever |
| *Leptospirosis | | *Leptospirosis |
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| ==Differentiating Babesiosis from other tick-borne Diseases==
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| The following are tables differentiating tick-borne illnesses, categorized according to an underlying bacterial, viral, or protozoan infection:
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| ===Bacterial===
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Disease
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Organism
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Vector
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Endemic Regions
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Symptoms
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Treatment
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| |-
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Borreliosis (Lyme Disease)
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| | Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (bacterium)
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| | Deer Tick (Ixodes scapularis, I. pacificus, I. ricinus, I. persulcatus)
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| | North America, Europe, and Asia
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| | Flu-like illness, fatigue, fever, arthritis, neuroborreliosis, cranial nerve palsy, carditis and erythema migrans.
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| | Antibiotics (Doxycycline- if not pregnant.
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| or
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| Amoxicillin if pregnant)
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| |-
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Relapsing Fever
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| | Borrelia Species; Borrelia hermsii, Borellia Parkeri, Borellia duttoni, Borrelia miyamotoi
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| | Ornithodoros species
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| | Spain, Saudi Arabia, Asia, Africa, Canada, and Western United States
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| | Consistently documented high fevers, flu-like illness, headaches, muscular soreness or joint pain, altered mental state, painful urination, rash, and rigors.
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| | Antibiotics (Doxycycline, Tetracycline, or Erythromycin**)
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| |-
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| | colspan="5" style="font-weight: bold;" | Typhus (Diseases associated with the transfer of Rickettsia Bacteria as listed below)
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| |-
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
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| | Rickettsia Rickettsii
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| | Wood Tick (Dermacentor Variabilis), D. andersoni
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| | United States: East and Southwest
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| | Fever, alterations in mental state, myalgia, rash, and headaches.
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| | Antibiotics- Doxycycline or Tetracycline.
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| |-
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Helvetica Spotted Fever
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| | Rickettsia Helvetica
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| | Ixodes Ricinus (European)
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| | Europe: Sweden, Switzerland, France and Laos
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| | Rash: spotted, red dots. Respiratory issues, muscle pain, and headaches.
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| | Antibiotics- broad-spectrum therapy and phenoxymethylpenicillin.
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| |-
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Ehrlichiosis Anaplasmosis
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| | Ehrlichia Chaffeensis, E. Equi
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| | Lone Star Tick (Amblyomma Americanum), Ixodes Scapularis
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| | United States: South Atlantic and South-central
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| | Fever, Headache, Chills, Malaise, Muscle Pain, Nausea, Confusion, Conjunctivitis, or Rash. (60% in children and 30% in adults.)
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| | Antibiotics- Doxycycline, dosages should begin prior to lab results if ehrlichiosis is suspected. Adults- 100mg every 12 hours. Children (under 100lbs/45kg)- 2.2 mg/kg body weight, twice a day.
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| |-
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Tularemia
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| | Francisella Tularensis
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| | D. Andersoni, D. Variabilis
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| | United States: Found widespread throughout the region, including higher populations in the Southeast, South-central, and the West.
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| | Ulceroglandular, Glandular, Oculoglandular, Oroglandular, Pneumonic, Typhoidal.
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| | Antibiotics- Streptomycin, Gentamicin, Doxycycline, and Ciprofloxacin.
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| |}
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| Primary method of treatment**
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| ===Viral===
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Disease
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Organism
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Vector
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Endemic Regions
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Symptoms
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Treatment
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| |-
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| | Tick-borne Meningoencephalitis
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| | TBEV virus
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Ixodes Scapularis, I. Ricinus, I.persulcatus
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| | Europe and Northern Asia
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| | Early Phase: Non-specific symptoms including fever, malaise, anorexia, muscle pains, headaches, nausea, and vomiting. Second Phase: Meningitis symptoms, headache, stiff neck, encephalitis, drowsiness, sensory disturbances, and potential paralysis.
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| | No specific drug therapy. May require hospitalization and supportive care, including anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, or, if necessary, incubation and ventilator support.
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| |-
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| | Colorado Tick Fever
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| | CTF virus
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Dermacentor andersoni
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| | Western United States
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| | Common symptoms include fever, chills, headache, body aches, and lethargy. Other symptoms associated with the disease include sore throat, abdominal pain, vomiting, and a skin rash. A biphasic fever is a hallmark of Colorado Tick Fever and presents itself in nearly 50% of infected patients.
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| | There are no current therapies associated with Colorado Tick Fever. The majority of patients exhibiting symptoms recover completely, however severe cases require hospitalization.
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| |-
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| | Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
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| | CCHF virus
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Hyalomma marginatum, Rhipicephalus bursa
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| | South Asia, North Africa, Southern Europe
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| | Initially infected patients will likely feel a few of the following symptoms; headache, high fever, back and joint pain, stomach pain, vomiting, flushed face, red throat petechiae of the palate, and potentially changes in mood as well as sensory perception.
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| | Treatment for Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever is primarily supportive including balancing electrolytes, oxygen abnormalities, and if necessary, hemodynamic support. In vitro, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever is responsive to an antiviral treatment with Ribavirin.
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| |-
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| | Severe Febrile Illness
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| | Heartland Virus
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Lone Star Tick (amblyomma americanum)
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| | Missouri and Tennessee (United States)
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| |}
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| ===Protozoan===
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Disease
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Organism
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Vector
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Endemic Regions
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Symptoms
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| ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Treatment
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| |-
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| | Babesiosis
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Babesia microti, B divergens, B.equi
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| | style="font-style: italic;" | Ixodes Scapularis, I. pacificus
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| | Primarily the Northeastern United States, parts of Europe and Asia.
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| | Non-specific flu like symptoms.
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| | Atovaquone combined with Azithromycin or Clindamycin combined with Quinine.
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| |}
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| ==References== | | ==References== |