Parathyroid cancer (patient information): Difference between revisions

	Parathyroid cancer
Overview
What are the symptoms?
What are the causes?
Who is at highest risk?
Diagnosis
When to seek urgent medical care?
Treatment options
Where to find medical care for parathyroid cancer?
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Possible complications
Parathyroid cancer On the Web
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
Images of Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
Videos on Parathyroid cancer
FDA on parathyroid cancer
CDC on parathyroid cancer
parathyroid cancer in the news
Blogs on parathyroid cancer
Directions to Hospitals Treating Parathyroid cancer
Risk calculators and risk factors for Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2

VisualWikitext

Revision as of 18:36, 28 December 2015

Template:WikiDoc Sources

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Overview

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type II is a disease passed down through families, in which one or more of the endocrine glands are overactive or form a tumor. Endocrine glands most commonly involved include adrenal gland, parathyroid gland and thyroid gland.

What are the symptoms of parathyroid cancer?

Symptoms of parathyroid cancer are mainly caused by a high level of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia), and may affect different parts of the body. They include:

Bone pain Constipation Fatigue Fractures Frequent thirst Frequent urination Kidney stones Muscle weakness Nausea Poor appetite Vomiting

What causes parathyroid cancer?

The cause of parathyroid cancer has not been identified.

Who is at highest risk?

Positive family history of the following:

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Hyperparathyroidism–jaw tumour syndrome
Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism

Diagnosis

The following tests may be used to diagnose parathyroid cancer

Blood calcium
Blood PTH

When to seek urgent medical care?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Thyroid adenoma

Treatment options

Treatment of parathyroid cancer includes:

Intravenous (IV) fluids
Diuretics
Antiresorptive agents such as biphosphonates, gallium, or mithramycin

Calcimimetic agents that directly block secretion of the parathyroid hormone from the glands

Gallium nitrate is used to reduce the calcium levels.
Calcitonin is used to control the calcium levels.

Surgery
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy

Where to find medical care for parathyroid cancer?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Prevention

Screening people with family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is recommended.

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Prognosis of the parathyroid cancer depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed. Early diagnosis and treatment is associated with better prognosis.

Possible complications

Metastasis
Osteoporosis
Kidney stones
Fractures
Hypoparathyroidism from parathyroidectomy

Sources

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000399.htm

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Parathyroid cancer (patient information)}}
 '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Parathyroid cancer|here]].'''
 {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ammu}}
 ==Overview==
@@ Line 22: / Line 24: @@
 ==What causes parathyroid cancer?==
-* Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is an inherited disorder that causes [[tumor]]s in the [[endocrine gland]]s. Genetic [[mutation]]s of ''RET'' gene is speculated to be the cause of the [[disease]].
+* The cause of parathyroid cancer has not been identified.
 ==Who is at highest risk?==
-* Positive [[family history]]
+* Positive [[family history]] of the following:
-* Multifocal or recurrent [[neoplasia]]
+:* Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
-* Two or more organ systems [[tumor]] involvement
+:* Hyperparathyroidism–jaw tumour syndrome
+:* Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism
 ==Diagnosis==
-* Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is detected by [[gene]] testing or, when [[gene]] testing is unavailable or yields a negative result, by laboratory tests that measure [[hormone]] levels.  Less often, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is diagnosed based on an individual's medical and [[family history]].
+* The following tests may be used to diagnose parathyroid cancer
+:* Blood calcium
+:* Blood PTH
 ==When to seek urgent medical care?==
@@ Line 36: / Line 41: @@
 ==Treatment options==
-* Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 cannot be cured, but regular testing can detect the problems caused by multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. [[Tumor]]s may grow for many years before serious complications develop.
+* Treatment of parathyroid cancer includes:
-* [[Surgery]] is indicated for [[thyroid tumor]]s, [[adrenal tumor]]s and [[parathyroid]] [[tumor]]s.
+:* Intravenous (IV) fluids
+:* Diuretics
+:* Antiresorptive agents such as biphosphonates, gallium, or mithramycin
+* Calcimimetic agents that directly block secretion of the parathyroid hormone from the glands
+:* Gallium nitrate is used to reduce the calcium levels.
+:*  Calcitonin is used to control the calcium levels.
+* Surgery
+* Radiation therapy
+* Chemotherapy
-==Where to find medical care for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2?==
+==Where to find medical care for parathyroid cancer?==
 [http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]
@@ Line 46: / Line 59: @@
 ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
-* [[Prognosis]] of the [[disease]] depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed. Early [[diagnosis]] and treatment is associated with better [[prognosis]].
+* [[Prognosis]] of the [[parathyroid cancer]] depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed. Early [[diagnosis]] and treatment is associated with better [[prognosis]].
 ==Possible complications==
@@ Line 54: / Line 67: @@
 * [[Fracture]]s
 * [[Hypoparathyroidism]] from parathyroidectomy
 ==Sources==
 * https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000399.htm