Sporotrichosis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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* Patients with sporotrichosis will likely have [[antibodies]] against the fungus ''S. schenckii'', however, due to variability in sensitivity and specificity, antibody identification may not be a reliable diagnosis for this disease. The confirming diagnosis remains culturing the fungus from the skin, [[sputum]], [[synovial fluid]], and [[cerebrospinal fluid]]. | * Patients with sporotrichosis will likely have [[antibodies]] against the fungus ''S. schenckii'', however, due to variability in sensitivity and specificity, antibody identification may not be a reliable diagnosis for this disease. The confirming diagnosis remains culturing the fungus from the skin, [[sputum]], [[synovial fluid]], and [[cerebrospinal fluid]]. | ||
* Cats with sporotrichosis are unique in that the exudate from their lesions may contain numerous organisms. This makes cytological evaluation of exudate a valuable diagnostic tool in this species. Exudate is pyogranulomatous and phagocytic cells may be packed with yeast forms. These are variable in size, but many are cigar-shaped.<ref name="pmid17438048">{{cite journal| author=Alvarado-Ramírez E, Torres-Rodríguez JM| title=In vitro susceptibility of Sporothrix schenckii to six antifungal agents determined using three different methods. | journal=Antimicrob Agents Chemother | year= 2007 | volume= 51 | issue= 7 | pages= 2420-3 | pmid=17438048 | doi=10.1128/AAC.01176-06 | pmc=PMC1913275 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17438048 }} </ref> | * Cats with sporotrichosis are unique in that the exudate from their lesions may contain numerous organisms. This makes cytological evaluation of exudate a valuable diagnostic tool in this species. Exudate is pyogranulomatous and phagocytic cells may be packed with yeast forms. These are variable in size, but many are cigar-shaped.<ref name="pmid17438048">{{cite journal| author=Alvarado-Ramírez E, Torres-Rodríguez JM| title=In vitro susceptibility of Sporothrix schenckii to six antifungal agents determined using three different methods. | journal=Antimicrob Agents Chemother | year= 2007 | volume= 51 | issue= 7 | pages= 2420-3 | pmid=17438048 | doi=10.1128/AAC.01176-06 | pmc=PMC1913275 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17438048 }} </ref> | ||
===Culture and Identification=== | |||
The gold standard for diagnosis of Sporotrichosis is with fungal culture. The tree below serves as an identification key for six ''Sporothrix'' species of clinical interset: | |||
[[Image:Sporotree.jpg|thumb|none|800px|Identification tree for ''Sporothrix'' species of clinical interest. These clinically significant ''Sporothrix'' species include: ''S. brasiliensis'', ''S. luriei'', ''S. globosa'', ''S. schenckii'', ''S. albicans'', and ''S. mexicana''. When cultivating at 37°C, specimens are to be cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar.<ref name="pmid21976602">{{cite journal| author=Barros MB, de Almeida Paes R, Schubach AO| title=Sporothrix schenckii and Sporotrichosis. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2011 | volume= 24 | issue= 4 | pages= 633-54 | pmid=21976602 | doi=10.1128/CMR.00007-11 | pmc=PMC3194828 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21976602 }} </ref> ]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 14:37, 22 January 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Laboratory findings
- Sporotrichosis is a chronic disease with slow progression and often subtle symptoms. It is difficult to diagnose, as many other diseases share similar symptoms and therefore must be ruled out.
- While within human and animal tissues, S. schenckii exists in its yeast form.
- Varying in size and shape, these curved cells typically have 2-6 μm diameters with cigar-like buds offshooting from a narrow base.
- Growing on Sabouraud dextrose agar, most S. schenckii strains become evident after 4 days. At this point, some strains lack dark pigment, while others have been infiltrated with dark pigment from the start. Upon transfer to Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) agar, and cultured for 7 days at 37°C, the S. schenckii strains undergo dimorphism, manifesting as creamy off-white to beige colored colonies.[1]
- Patients with sporotrichosis will likely have antibodies against the fungus S. schenckii, however, due to variability in sensitivity and specificity, antibody identification may not be a reliable diagnosis for this disease. The confirming diagnosis remains culturing the fungus from the skin, sputum, synovial fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid.
- Cats with sporotrichosis are unique in that the exudate from their lesions may contain numerous organisms. This makes cytological evaluation of exudate a valuable diagnostic tool in this species. Exudate is pyogranulomatous and phagocytic cells may be packed with yeast forms. These are variable in size, but many are cigar-shaped.[2]
Culture and Identification
The gold standard for diagnosis of Sporotrichosis is with fungal culture. The tree below serves as an identification key for six Sporothrix species of clinical interset:
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Barros MB, de Almeida Paes R, Schubach AO (2011). "Sporothrix schenckii and Sporotrichosis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 24 (4): 633–54. doi:10.1128/CMR.00007-11. PMC 3194828. PMID 21976602.
- ↑ Alvarado-Ramírez E, Torres-Rodríguez JM (2007). "In vitro susceptibility of Sporothrix schenckii to six antifungal agents determined using three different methods". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 51 (7): 2420–3. doi:10.1128/AAC.01176-06. PMC 1913275. PMID 17438048.