Adult T-cell leukemia risk factors: Difference between revisions
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{{Adult T-cell leukemia}} | {{Adult T-cell leukemia}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{HL}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
Common risk factors in the development of adult T-cell leukemia among [[HTLV]] carriers are vertical transmission of HTLV [[infection]] during [[infancy]], male sex, and specific [[human leukocyte antigen]]s such as [[HLA-A]] 26, [[HLA-B]] 4002, and HLA-B 4801.<ref name="pmid22973265">{{cite journal| author=Iwanaga M, Watanabe T, Yamaguchi K| title=Adult T-cell leukemia: a review of epidemiological evidence. | journal=Front Microbiol | year= 2012 | volume= 3 | issue= | pages= 322 | pmid=22973265 | doi=10.3389/fmicb.2012.00322 | pmc=PMC3437524 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22973265 }} </ref> | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
* Common risk factors in the development of adult T-cell leukemia among [[HTLV]] carriers include:<ref name="pmid22973265">{{cite journal| author=Iwanaga M, Watanabe T, Yamaguchi K| title=Adult T-cell leukemia: a review of epidemiological evidence. | journal=Front Microbiol | year= 2012 | volume= 3 | issue= | pages= 322 | pmid=22973265 | doi=10.3389/fmicb.2012.00322 | pmc=PMC3437524 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22973265 }} </ref> | |||
:* Vertical transmission of HTLV [[infection]] during [[infancy]] | |||
:* Male sex | |||
:* Specific [[human leukocyte antigen]]s such as: | |||
::* [[HLA-A]] 26 | |||
::* [[HLA-B]] 4002 | |||
::* HLA-B 4801 | |||
:* Patients with a [[Strongyloides stercoralis]] co-infection | |||
:* An elevated soluble [[interleukin-2 receptor]] levels (> 500 U/ml) | |||
:* An elevated anti-HTLV-1 [[antibody]] [[titer]] | |||
:* An elevated HTLV proviral load level (> 4 copies per 100 peripheral blood [[mononuclear cell]]s) | |||
:* An elevated [[WBC count]] (> 9,000/μL) | |||
:* An elevated abnormal [[lymphocyte]] count | |||
:* A decreased level of anti-Tax reactivity | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Pathology]] | [[Category:Pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
Revision as of 17:35, 24 January 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of adult T-cell leukemia among HTLV carriers are vertical transmission of HTLV infection during infancy, male sex, and specific human leukocyte antigens such as HLA-A 26, HLA-B 4002, and HLA-B 4801.[1]
Risk Factors
- Vertical transmission of HTLV infection during infancy
- Male sex
- Specific human leukocyte antigens such as:
- Patients with a Strongyloides stercoralis co-infection
- An elevated soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels (> 500 U/ml)
- An elevated anti-HTLV-1 antibody titer
- An elevated HTLV proviral load level (> 4 copies per 100 peripheral blood mononuclear cells)
- An elevated WBC count (> 9,000/μL)
- An elevated abnormal lymphocyte count
- A decreased level of anti-Tax reactivity
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Iwanaga M, Watanabe T, Yamaguchi K (2012). "Adult T-cell leukemia: a review of epidemiological evidence". Front Microbiol. 3: 322. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00322. PMC 3437524. PMID 22973265.