Osteochondroma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
*Development of osteochondroma is the result of multiple genetic mutations. | |||
*Genes involved in the pathogenesis of osteochondroma include: | |||
==Associated Conditions== | ==Associated Conditions== | ||
Revision as of 17:01, 27 January 2016
|
Osteochondroma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Osteochondroma pathophysiology On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Osteochondroma pathophysiology |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Osteochondroma pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
Osteochondroma arises from the cartilage cells (chondrocytes), which are normally involved in the mechanical support of the bone. The pathogenesis of osteochondroma consists of abnormal outgrowth of bone and cartilage, associated with the aberrant development of the growth plate.[1] Genes involved in the pathogenesis of osteochondroma include EXT1 and EXT2 genes. Osteochondroma is associated with a number of syndromes that include Langer-Giedion syndrome, Potocki-Shaffer syndrome, and metachondromatosis syndrome. On gross pathology, osteochondromas may have a "mushroom-like shape", the tumoral size ranges from 1 to 2 cm, they are normally conformed located on the metaphysial region of the affected bone.[2] On microscopic histopathological analysis, osteochondroma shows cartilage cells growing in columns with a lobular arrangement.[3]
Pathogenesis
- Osteochondroma arises from the cartilage cells (chondrocytes), which are normally involved in the mechanical support of the bone.
- The pathogenesis of osteochondroma consists of abnormal outgrowth of bone and cartilage, associated with the aberrant development of the growth plate.[3]
- As the osteochondroma cartilage grows, it forms a cap over a bony mass that develops by progressive enchondral ossification.
- The bony portion of the osteochondroma contains mature, cortical and medullary bone with a marrow space contiguous with the parent bone.
- Osteochondromas have their own growth plate and stop growing with skeletal maturity.
- Osteochondroma usually presents as a solitary cartilage-capped bony outgrowth protruding from the bone surface in the metaphysis.
- Osteochondroma is usually located in the metaphyseal region of the long bones. Common anatomical locations include: the femur, the proximal tibia, and the proximal humerus. These locations account for 65-85% of cases.
- Osteochondroma is a slow growing tumor which may transform malignant after time.
Genetics
- Development of osteochondroma is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of osteochondroma include:
Associated Conditions
Gross Pathology
Microscopic Pathology
References
- ↑ Kitsoulis P, Galani V, Stefanaki K, Paraskevas G, Karatzias G, Agnantis NJ, Bai M (2008). "Osteochondromas: review of the clinical, radiological and pathological features". In Vivo (Athens, Greece). 22 (5): 633–46. PMID 18853760.
- ↑ Osteochondroma. Libre Pathology. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Osteochondroma Accessed on January 27, 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Porter DE, Simpson AH (1999). <119::AID-PATH321>3.0.CO;2-N "The neoplastic pathogenesis of solitary and multiple osteochondromas". The Journal of Pathology. 188 (2): 119–25. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199906)188:2<119::AID-PATH321>3.0.CO;2-N. PMID 10398153.