Fibroadenoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
* Fibroadenoma is a common benign tumor of the breast. | * Fibroadenoma is a common [[benign]] [[tumor]] of the [[breast]]. | ||
* Fibroadenoma arises from connective tissue | * Fibroadenoma arises from [[connective tissue]] [[cell]]s, which are cells that are normally involved in the functional and mechanical support of the surrounding tissues. | ||
* The majority of fibroadenomas are benign and do not demonstrate any malignant potential. | * The majority of fibroadenomas are benign and do not demonstrate any [[malignant]] potential. | ||
* Fibroadenomas typically contain both stromal and epithelial connective tissue cells. | * Fibroadenomas typically contain both [[stromal]] and [[epithelial]] connective tissue cells. | ||
* Fibroadenoma demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy. | * Fibroadenoma demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy. | ||
* It is thought that the hormone-receptor mechanism mediates the excessive proliferation of epithelial and stromal cells.<ref name="pmid16554735">{{cite journal| author=Sapino A, Bosco M, Cassoni P, Castellano I, Arisio R, Cserni G et al.| title=Estrogen receptor-beta is expressed in stromal cells of fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumors of the breast. | journal=Mod Pathol | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 4 | pages= 599-606 | pmid=16554735 | doi=10.1038/modpathol.3800574 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16554735 }} </ref> | * It is thought that the [[hormone]]-[[receptor]] mechanism mediates the excessive proliferation of epithelial and stromal cells.<ref name="pmid16554735">{{cite journal| author=Sapino A, Bosco M, Cassoni P, Castellano I, Arisio R, Cserni G et al.| title=Estrogen receptor-beta is expressed in stromal cells of fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumors of the breast. | journal=Mod Pathol | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 4 | pages= 599-606 | pmid=16554735 | doi=10.1038/modpathol.3800574 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16554735 }} </ref> | ||
* Although fibroadenomas may be develop in any part of the breast, there is a significant predilection for the upper outer quadrant. | * Although fibroadenomas may be develop in any part of the [[breast]], there is a significant predilection for the upper outer quadrant. | ||
==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
* The mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene is the most common gene involved in the pathogenesis of fibroadenoma. | * The mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene is the most common [[gene]] involved in the pathogenesis of fibroadenoma. | ||
==Gross Pathology== | ==Gross Pathology== | ||
* On gross pathology, a painless, firm, solitary, mobile, and slowly growing breast lump is a characteristic finding of fibroadenoma. | * On gross pathology, a painless, firm, solitary, mobile, and slowly growing breast [[lump]] is a characteristic finding of fibroadenoma. | ||
* Other charectersitic findings on gross examination of fibroadenoma include: | * Other charectersitic findings on gross examination of fibroadenoma include: | ||
:* Rubbery texture | :* Rubbery texture | ||
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:* Lobulated appearance | :* Lobulated appearance | ||
:* Short slit-like spaces present | :* Short slit-like spaces present | ||
:* | :* [[Calcification]]s | ||
* Fibroadenomas may sometimes be referred to as a "breast mouse", owing to the high mobility of the tumor through out the breast tissue. | * Fibroadenomas may sometimes be referred to as a "breast mouse", owing to the high mobility of the tumor through out the breast tissue. | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
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==Microscopic Pathology== | ==Microscopic Pathology== | ||
* On microscopic pathology, charectersitic findings of fibroadenoma include: | * On microscopic pathology, charectersitic findings of fibroadenoma include: | ||
:* An overgrowth of fibrous and glandular tissues | :* An overgrowth of [[fibrous]] and [[glandular]] tissues | ||
:* A hypovascular, myxoid, and delicate intalobular stroma | :* A hypovascular, myxoid, and delicate intalobular [[stroma]] | ||
:* Calcification may be present | :* [[Calcification]] may be present | ||
:* Absence of mitotic figures, necrosis, and anaplasia | :* Absence of [[mitotic]] figures, [[necrosis]], and [[anaplasia]] | ||
:* Biphasic proliferation of both stromal and epithelial components that can be arranged in two growth patterns: | :* Biphasic proliferation of both stromal and epithelial components that can be arranged in two growth patterns: | ||
::* Pericanalicular growth pattern: stromal proliferation around epithelial structures | ::* Pericanalicular growth pattern: stromal proliferation around epithelial structures |
Revision as of 15:17, 29 January 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
Fibroadenoma is a common benign tumor of the breast. Fibroadenoma arises from connective tissue cells, which are cells that are normally involved in the functional and mechanical support of the surrounding tissues. Fibroadenoma demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy. The mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene is the most common gene involved in the pathogenesis of fibroadenoma. On gross pathology, a rubbery, tan colored, and lobulated mass is a characteristic finding of fibroadenoma. On microscopic pathology, charectersitic findings of fibroadenoma include a biphasic proliferation of both stromal and epithelial components that can be arranged in two growth patterns; a pericanalicular growth pattern and an intracanalicular growth pattern.[1][2][3][4]
Pathogenesis
- Fibroadenoma is a common benign tumor of the breast.
- Fibroadenoma arises from connective tissue cells, which are cells that are normally involved in the functional and mechanical support of the surrounding tissues.
- The majority of fibroadenomas are benign and do not demonstrate any malignant potential.
- Fibroadenomas typically contain both stromal and epithelial connective tissue cells.
- Fibroadenoma demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy.
- It is thought that the hormone-receptor mechanism mediates the excessive proliferation of epithelial and stromal cells.[5]
- Although fibroadenomas may be develop in any part of the breast, there is a significant predilection for the upper outer quadrant.
Genetics
- The mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene is the most common gene involved in the pathogenesis of fibroadenoma.
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, a painless, firm, solitary, mobile, and slowly growing breast lump is a characteristic finding of fibroadenoma.
- Other charectersitic findings on gross examination of fibroadenoma include:
- Rubbery texture
- Tan/white colored
- Lobulated appearance
- Short slit-like spaces present
- Calcifications
- Fibroadenomas may sometimes be referred to as a "breast mouse", owing to the high mobility of the tumor through out the breast tissue.
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic pathology, charectersitic findings of fibroadenoma include:
- An overgrowth of fibrous and glandular tissues
- A hypovascular, myxoid, and delicate intalobular stroma
- Calcification may be present
- Absence of mitotic figures, necrosis, and anaplasia
- Biphasic proliferation of both stromal and epithelial components that can be arranged in two growth patterns:
- Pericanalicular growth pattern: stromal proliferation around epithelial structures
- Intracanalicular growth pattern: stromal proliferation compressing the epithelial structures into clefts
Gallery
References
- ↑ Fibroadenoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ Fibroadenoma. Libre Pathology (2015) http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ Breast-nonmalignant-Fibroadenoma. PathologyOutlines (2015) http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastfibroadenoma.html Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ Fibroadenoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/fibroadenoma-of-the-breast-1 Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ Sapino A, Bosco M, Cassoni P, Castellano I, Arisio R, Cserni G; et al. (2006). "Estrogen receptor-beta is expressed in stromal cells of fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumors of the breast". Mod Pathol. 19 (4): 599–606. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800574. PMID 16554735.