Fibroadenoma overview: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
Fibroadenoma of the breast is a [[benign]] [[tumor]] characterized by proliferation of both [[gland]]ular and [[Stroma (animal tissue)|stromal]] elements. | Fibroadenoma of the breast is a [[benign]] [[tumor]] characterized by proliferation of both [[gland]]ular and [[Stroma (animal tissue)|stromal]] elements. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Fibroadenoma may be classified according to microscopic histopathological analysis into four subtypes, which include juvenile fibroadenoma, complex fibroadenoma, myxoid fibroadenoma, and cellular fibroadenoma.<ref name="patho">Fibroadenoma. Libre Pathology (2015) http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref> | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Fibroadenoma is a common benign [[tumor]] of the [[breast]]. Fibroadenoma arises from [[connective tissue]] [[cell]]s, which are cells that are normally involved in the functional and mechanical support of the surrounding tissues. Fibroadenoma demonstrate [[estrogen]] and [[progesterone]] sensitivity and may grow during [[pregnancy]]. The mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) [[gene]] is the most common gene involved in the pathogenesis of fibroadenoma. On [[gross pathology]], a rubbery, tan colored, and lobulated mass is a characteristic finding of fibroadenoma. On [[microscopic]] pathology, charectersitic findings of fibroadenoma include a biphasic proliferation of both [[stromal]] and [[epithelial]] components that can be arranged in two growth patterns; a pericanalicular growth pattern and an intracanalicular growth pattern.<ref name="wiki">Fibroadenoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref><ref name="patho">Fibroadenoma. Libre Pathology (2015) http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref><ref name="patho2">Breast-nonmalignant-Fibroadenoma. PathologyOutlines (2015) http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastfibroadenoma.html Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref><ref name="radio">Fibroadenoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/fibroadenoma-of-the-breast-1 Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref> | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
There are no known direct causes for fibroadenoma. Common risk factors for fibroadenoma can be found [[Fibroadenoma risk factors|'''here''']].<ref name="wiki">Fibroadenoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref> | |||
==Differentiating Fibroadenoma from other Diseases== | ==Differentiating Fibroadenoma from other Diseases== | ||
Fibroadenoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause a similar clinical presentation, such as phyllodes tumor, hamartoma, and adenomyoepithelioma.><ref name="patho">Fibroadenoma. Libre Pathology (2015) http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref><ref name="patho2">Breast-nonmalignant-Fibroadenoma. PathologyOutlines (2015) http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastfibroadenoma.html Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref> | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
Fibroadenoma is the most common breast mass among adolescent women in the United States. There are no definite data regarding the exact incidence of fibroadenoma among the US general population. Fibroadenoma commonly affects individuals younger than 30 years of age. Females are more commonly affected with fibroadenoma than males. Fibroadenoma usually affects individuals of the African American race. Caucasian individuals are less likely to develop fibroadenoma.<ref name="pmid9494790">{{cite journal| author=Goehring C, Morabia A| title=Epidemiology of benign breast disease, with special attention to histologic types. | journal=Epidemiol Rev | year= 1997 | volume= 19 | issue= 2 | pages= 310-27 | pmid=9494790 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9494790 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9754521">{{cite journal| author=Greenberg R, Skornick Y, Kaplan O| title=Management of breast fibroadenomas. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 1998 | volume= 13 | issue= 9 | pages= 640-5 | pmid=9754521 | doi= | pmc=PMC1497021 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9754521 }} </ref> | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of fibroadenoma are obesity, eostrogen replacement therapy, and nulliparity.<ref name="pmid9754521">{{cite journal| author=Greenberg R, Skornick Y, Kaplan O| title=Management of breast fibroadenomas. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 1998 | volume= 13 | issue= 9 | pages= 640-5 | pmid=9754521 | doi= | pmc=PMC1497021 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9754521 }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Fibroadenoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref> | |||
==Screening== | ==Screening== | ||
According to the the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF), there is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for fibroadenoma.<ref name="US">Fibroadenoma Recommendations. US Preventive Services Task Force (2015) http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/BrowseRec/Search?s=fibroadenoma+ Accessed on February, 1 2016</ref> | |||
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ||
Most patients with fibroadenoma are asymptomatic. If left untreated, patients with fibroadenoma may progress to develop a painless, mobile, and well-circumscribe [[breast]] lump. Fibroadenoma is a benign tumor that rarely develops any complications. Fibroadenomas commonly enlarge during [[pregnancy]] and involute after the age of [[menopause]]. The prognosis is generally excellent, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with fibroadenoma is almost equal to the normal population.<ref name="radio">Fibroadenoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/fibroadenoma-of-the-breast-1 Accessed on January, 29 2016</ref> | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===History and Symptoms=== | ===History and Symptoms=== | ||
Revision as of 12:59, 2 February 2016
|
Fibroadenoma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Fibroadenoma overview On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Fibroadenoma overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
Fibroadenoma of the breast is a benign tumor characterized by proliferation of both glandular and stromal elements.
Classification
Fibroadenoma may be classified according to microscopic histopathological analysis into four subtypes, which include juvenile fibroadenoma, complex fibroadenoma, myxoid fibroadenoma, and cellular fibroadenoma.[1]
Pathophysiology
Fibroadenoma is a common benign tumor of the breast. Fibroadenoma arises from connective tissue cells, which are cells that are normally involved in the functional and mechanical support of the surrounding tissues. Fibroadenoma demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy. The mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene is the most common gene involved in the pathogenesis of fibroadenoma. On gross pathology, a rubbery, tan colored, and lobulated mass is a characteristic finding of fibroadenoma. On microscopic pathology, charectersitic findings of fibroadenoma include a biphasic proliferation of both stromal and epithelial components that can be arranged in two growth patterns; a pericanalicular growth pattern and an intracanalicular growth pattern.[2][1][3][4]
Causes
There are no known direct causes for fibroadenoma. Common risk factors for fibroadenoma can be found here.[2]
Differentiating Fibroadenoma from other Diseases
Fibroadenoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause a similar clinical presentation, such as phyllodes tumor, hamartoma, and adenomyoepithelioma.>[1][3]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Fibroadenoma is the most common breast mass among adolescent women in the United States. There are no definite data regarding the exact incidence of fibroadenoma among the US general population. Fibroadenoma commonly affects individuals younger than 30 years of age. Females are more commonly affected with fibroadenoma than males. Fibroadenoma usually affects individuals of the African American race. Caucasian individuals are less likely to develop fibroadenoma.[5][6]
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of fibroadenoma are obesity, eostrogen replacement therapy, and nulliparity.[6][2]
Screening
According to the the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF), there is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for fibroadenoma.[7]
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Most patients with fibroadenoma are asymptomatic. If left untreated, patients with fibroadenoma may progress to develop a painless, mobile, and well-circumscribe breast lump. Fibroadenoma is a benign tumor that rarely develops any complications. Fibroadenomas commonly enlarge during pregnancy and involute after the age of menopause. The prognosis is generally excellent, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with fibroadenoma is almost equal to the normal population.[4]
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
CT Scan
MRI
Echocardiography or Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Surgery
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Fibroadenoma. Libre Pathology (2015) http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Fibroadenoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroadenoma Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Breast-nonmalignant-Fibroadenoma. PathologyOutlines (2015) http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastfibroadenoma.html Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Fibroadenoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/fibroadenoma-of-the-breast-1 Accessed on January, 29 2016
- ↑ Goehring C, Morabia A (1997). "Epidemiology of benign breast disease, with special attention to histologic types". Epidemiol Rev. 19 (2): 310–27. PMID 9494790.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Greenberg R, Skornick Y, Kaplan O (1998). "Management of breast fibroadenomas". J Gen Intern Med. 13 (9): 640–5. PMC 1497021. PMID 9754521.
- ↑ Fibroadenoma Recommendations. US Preventive Services Task Force (2015) http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/BrowseRec/Search?s=fibroadenoma+ Accessed on February, 1 2016