Histoplasmosis risk factors: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 14:43, 2 February 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Risk factors for pulmonary histoplasmosis include:

Living in or traveling to the Central or Eastern United States.
Activities such as spelunking, mining, construction, excavation, demolition, roofing, chimney cleaning, farming, gardening, and installing heating and air-conditioning systems.
Activities that expose people to areas where bats live and birds roost also increase risk. Exposure to soil or particles contaminated with droppings of chickens, bats, or blackbirds is the main mode of transmission

Risk factors for severe acute disease or reactivation:

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ==Risk Factors==
+''Risk factors for pulmonary histoplasmosis include:''
+*Living in or traveling to the Central or Eastern United States.
+*Activities such as spelunking, mining, construction, excavation, demolition, roofing, chimney cleaning, farming, gardening, and installing heating and air-conditioning systems.
+*Activities that expose people to areas where bats live and birds roost also increase risk. Exposure to soil or particles contaminated with droppings of chickens, bats, or blackbirds is the main mode of transmission
-This "acute" infection does not last, but can leave a person with small scars (granulomas). These scars can be difficult to distinguish from tumors in the lung.
+''Risk factors for severe acute disease or reactivation:''
-However, the infection can cause severe illness right away, or redevelop years after the first exposure, if a person's immune system is weakened by:
+*Underlying lung disease
-*[[Cancer]]
+*Underlying malignancy
-*[[Chemotherapy]]
+*Immunocompromised status
-*Immune-suppressing drugs
-*[[HIV]] infection
-Risk factors for chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis include:
-*Living in or traveling to central or eastern United States
-*Exposure to soil or particles contaminated with droppings of chickens, bats, or blackbirds
-*Pre-existing COPD
-*Weakened immune system, such as in people who have AIDS
 ==References==