Brucella: Difference between revisions

Brucella
	;
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria;
Phylum:	Proteobacteria;
Class:	Alpha Proteobacteria;
Order:	Rhizobiales;
Family:	Brucellaceae;
Genus:	Brucella;
Species
	B. abortus; B. canis; B. melitensis; B. neotomae; B. ovis; B. suis;

	Brucellosis Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Brucellosis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Principles of diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
X-Ray
CT Scan
MRI
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Brucella On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Brucella All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Brucella
CDC on Brucella
Brucella in the news
Blogs on Brucella
Directions to Hospitals Treating Brucellosis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Brucella

Revision as of 16:36, 2 February 2016

This page is about microbiologic aspects of the organism(s). For clinical aspects of the disease, see brucellosis.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Human brucellosis is caused by four Brucellae species:B. abortus, B. canis, B. melitensis, and B. suis.^[1]

Brucella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria.^[2] They are small (0.5 to 0.7 by 0.6 to 1.5 µm), non-motile, encapsulated coccobacilli.
Brucella is the cause of brucellosis, a true zoonotic disease (i.e. human-to-human transmission has not been identified).^[2]
It is transmitted by ingesting infected food, direct contact with an infected animal, or inhalation of aerosols.
Minimum infectious exposure is between 10 - 100 organisms.
Brucellosis primarily occurs through occupational exposure (e.g. exposure to cattle, sheep, pigs), but also by consumption of unpasteurised milk products.
Four species infect humans: B. abortus, B. canis, B. melitensis, and B. suis.
- B. abortus is less virulent than B. melitensis and is primarily a disease of cattle.
- B. canis affects dogs.
- B. melitensis is the most virulent and invasive species; it usually infects goats and occasionally sheep.
- B. suis is of intermediate virulence and chiefly infects pigs.

Brucella species have been found primarily in mammals:

Oxidase and catalase tests are positive for most members of the genus Brucella:

**Brucellae Species and Host**^[1]
Test	B. melitensis	B. abortus	B. suis	B. neotomae	B. ovis	B. canis
Need to CO2	-	+	-	-	+	-
Production of H2S	-	+	+	+	-	-
Growth on basic fushin 0.002%	+	+	-	-	+	-
Growth on thionin 0.004%	-	-	+	-	+	+
Growth on thionin 0.002%	+	-	+	+	+	+
Destroy with Tb phage	-	+	-	-	-	-

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Brucella. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucella#Characteristics. Accessed on February 2, 2016
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed. ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 {{CMG}}
 ==Overview==
-'''''Brucella''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Gram-negative]] [[bacterium|bacteria]].<ref name=Sherris>{{cite book | author = Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) | title = Sherris Medical Microbiology | edition = 4th ed. | publisher = McGraw Hill | year = 2004 | isbn = 0-8385-8529-9 }}</ref> They are small (0.5 to 0.7 by 0.6 to 1.5 µm), non-[[motile]], encapsulated [[coccobacillus|coccobacilli]].
+Human brucellosis is caused by four Brucellae species:B. abortus, B. canis, B. melitensis, and B. suis.<ref name=b>Brucella. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucella#Characteristics. Accessed on February 2, 2016</ref>
 ==Causes==