Primary central nervous system lymphoma other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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===Bone Marrow Biopsy=== | ===Bone Marrow Biopsy=== | ||
*[[Bone marrow biopsy]] may be performed to detect [[metastasis|metastases]] of primary central nervous system lymphoma to the bones.<ref name=diagnpstoicsprimarycnslymphoma1>Diagnostics of primary CNS lymphoma. National cancer institute 2016. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/primary-cns-lymphoma-treatment-pdq. Accessed on February 19, 2016</ref> | *[[Bone marrow biopsy]] may be performed to detect [[metastasis|metastases]] of primary central nervous system lymphoma to the bones.<ref name=diagnpstoicsprimarycnslymphoma1>Diagnostics of primary CNS lymphoma. National cancer institute 2016. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/primary-cns-lymphoma-treatment-pdq. Accessed on February 19, 2016</ref> | ||
===Polymerase Chain Reaction=== | |||
[[PCR|Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)]] of the [[CSF|cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)]] may be performed to look for positive [[EBV|Epstein-Barr virus DNA]] in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma, to establish the association with the virus.<ref name="HaldorsenKråkenes2008">{{cite journal|last1=Haldorsen|first1=Ingfrid S|last2=Kråkenes|first2=Jostein|last3=Goplen|first3=Anne K|last4=Dunlop|first4=Oona|last5=Mella|first5=Olav|last6=Espeland|first6=Ansgar|title=AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: a Norwegian national survey 1989–2003|journal=BMC Cancer|volume=8|issue=1|year=2008|pages=225|issn=1471-2407|doi=10.1186/1471-2407-8-225}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 14:13, 23 February 2016
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Primary central nervous system lymphoma Microchapters |
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Differentiating Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Primary CNS lymphoma is a primary intracranial tumor usually present in those with severe immunosuppression --- commonly in those with AIDS --- and represents around 20% of all cases of lymphomas in HIV infection (other types being Burkitt's lymphoma and immunoblastic lymphoma).
Other Diagnostics Studies
Because imaging techniques cannot distinguish the two conditions with certainty, patients usually undergo brain biopsy if the lesion is solitary or a trial of toxoplasmosis therapy is non-therapeutic. In the future, it may be possible to use PCR assay of cerebrospinal fluid for EBV DNA.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be diagnostic of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Findings on MR spectroscopy suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include:[1]
- Large choline peak
- Reversed choline/creatinine ratio
- Markedly decreased N-Acetylaspartate (NAA)
- Lactate peak may also be observed
Magnetic Resonance Perfusion
- Magnetic resonance perfusion may be diagnostic of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Findings on MR perfusion suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include a modest increase in relative cerebral blood flow (rCBV), much less marked than in high-grade gliomas, where angiogenesis is a prominent feature.[1]
Scintigraphy
- Findings on scintigraphy suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include:[1]
- Thallium 201: increased uptake
- C11 Methionine PET: increased uptake
Biopsy
- Stereotactic biopsy is usually performed to confirm a diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma, especially in people who do not have AIDS.[2]
Bone Marrow Biopsy
- Bone marrow biopsy may be performed to detect metastases of primary central nervous system lymphoma to the bones.[3]
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be performed to look for positive Epstein-Barr virus DNA in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma, to establish the association with the virus.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Radiographic features of primary CNS lymphoma. Dr Amir Rezaee and A.Prof Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/primary-cns-lymphoma. Accessed on February 18, 2016
- ↑ Diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Canadian cancer society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/primary-cns-lymphoma/?region=on. Accessed on February 18, 2016
- ↑ Diagnostics of primary CNS lymphoma. National cancer institute 2016. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/primary-cns-lymphoma-treatment-pdq. Accessed on February 19, 2016
- ↑ Haldorsen, Ingfrid S; Kråkenes, Jostein; Goplen, Anne K; Dunlop, Oona; Mella, Olav; Espeland, Ansgar (2008). "AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: a Norwegian national survey 1989–2003". BMC Cancer. 8 (1): 225. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-225. ISSN 1471-2407.