Japanese encephalitis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Japanese encephalitis virus is usually transmitted via [[mosquito]]s to the human host. Japanese encephalitis virus contains [[positive-sense ssRNA virus|positive-sense]] viral [[RNA]]; this RNA has its genome directly utilized as if it were mRNA, producing a single protein which is modified by host and viral proteins to form the various proteins needed for [[replication]]. The following table is a summary of the Japanese encephalitis virus:<ref name=ViralZoneFlavi> Flavivirus. SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. (2015) http://viralzone.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/24.html Accessed on April 12, 2016</ref><ref name=CDCJapEnceph1> Japanese encephalitis - Frequently Asked Questions. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015) | Japanese encephalitis virus is usually transmitted via [[mosquito]]s to the human host. Japanese encephalitis virus contains [[positive-sense ssRNA virus|positive-sense]] viral [[RNA]]; this RNA has its genome directly utilized as if it were mRNA, producing a single protein which is modified by host and viral proteins to form the various proteins needed for [[replication]]. The following table is a summary of the Japanese encephalitis virus:<ref name=ViralZoneFlavi> Flavivirus. SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. (2015) http://viralzone.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/24.html Accessed on April 12, 2016</ref><ref name=CDCJapEnceph1> Japanese encephalitis - Frequently Asked Questions. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015) http://www.cdc.gov/japaneseencephalitis/qa/index.html Accessed on April 12, 2016</ref> | ||
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Revision as of 14:07, 12 April 2016
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Japanese encephalitis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Japanese encephalitis pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Japanese encephalitis pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Japanese encephalitis pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anthony Gallo, B.S. [2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Japanese encephalitis virus is usually transmitted via mosquitos to the human host. Japanese encephalitis virus contains positive-sense viral RNA; this RNA has its genome directly utilized as if it were mRNA, producing a single protein which is modified by host and viral proteins to form the various proteins needed for replication. The following table is a summary of the Japanese encephalitis virus:[1][2]
| Characteristic | Data |
|---|---|
| Nucleic acid | RNA |
| Sense | ssRNA(+) |
| Virion | Enveloped |
| Capsid | Spherical |
| Symmetry | Yes; T=3-like organization; icosahedral-like |
| Capsid monomers | Unknown |
| Envelope length (diameter) | 50 nm |
| Additional envelope information | Mature virons contain 2 virus-encoded membrane proteins (M and E); immature virons contain a protein precursor |
| Genome shape | Linear |
| Genome length | 10-11 kb |
| Nucleotide cap | Yes |
| Polyadenylated tail | No; a loop structure is formed instead |
| Incubation period | 5-15 |
Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus is a flavivirus which is antigenically related to St. Louis encephalitis virus.
- In rice fields, breeding mosquitoes (primarily Mosquito-borne Culex tritaeniorhynchus group) become infected with Japanese encephalitis virus.
- Mosquitoes become infected by feeding on domestic pigs and wild birds infected with the Japanese encephalitis virus. Infected mosquitoes then transmit the Japanese encephalitis virus to humans and animals during the feeding process.
- The Japanese encephalitis virus is amplified in the blood systems of domestic pigs and wild birds.
- Japanese encephalitis virus is NOT transmitted from person-to-person. For example, one cannot get the virus from touching or kissing a person who has the disease, or from a health care worker who has treated someone with the disease.
- Only domestic pigs and wild birds are carriers of the Japanese encephalitis virus.
- Japanese encephalitis outbreaks are usually circumscribed and do not cover large areas. They usually do not last more than a couple of months, dying out after the majority of the pig amplifying hosts have become infected.
Gallery
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![Diagram illustrates the methods by which the arbovirus, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) reproduces and amplifies itself in the avian populations, and is subsequently transmitted to human beings as the dead end host. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [3]](/images/6/6a/Flavivirus02.jpeg)
Diagram illustrates the methods by which the arbovirus, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) reproduces and amplifies itself in the avian populations, and is subsequently transmitted to human beings as the dead end host. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [3]
![Diagram illustrates the methods by which the arbovirus, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) reproduces and amplifies itself in the avian populations, and is subsequently transmitted to human beings as the dead end host. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [3]](/index.php/File:Flavivirus02.jpeg)
References
- ↑ Flavivirus. SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. (2015) http://viralzone.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/24.html Accessed on April 12, 2016
- ↑ Japanese encephalitis - Frequently Asked Questions. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015) http://www.cdc.gov/japaneseencephalitis/qa/index.html Accessed on April 12, 2016
- ↑ "Public Health Image Library (PHIL)".