Osteomyelitis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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*[[Tumor]]<ref name="pmid4691654">{{cite journal| author=Johnston RM, Miles JS| title=Sarcomas arising from chronic osteomyelitic sinuses. A report of two cases. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 1973 | volume= 55 | issue= 1 | pages= 162-8 | pmid=4691654 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4691654 }} </ref> | *[[Tumor]]<ref name="pmid4691654">{{cite journal| author=Johnston RM, Miles JS| title=Sarcomas arising from chronic osteomyelitic sinuses. A report of two cases. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 1973 | volume= 55 | issue= 1 | pages= 162-8 | pmid=4691654 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4691654 }} </ref> | ||
:*Most common: [[squamous cell carcinoma]] | :*Most common: [[squamous cell carcinoma]] | ||
:*Less common: fibrosarcoma, myeloma, lymphoma, plasmacytoma, angiosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma | :*Less common: [[fibrosarcoma]], [[myeloma]], [[lymphoma]], [[plasmacytoma]], [[angiosarcoma]], [[rhabdomyosarcoma]], and [[malignant fibrous histiocytoma]] | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
Revision as of 16:01, 15 April 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nate Michalak, B.A.
Overview
Natural History
- Acute osteomyelitis presents with symptom onset after several days to weeks.
- Acute infection is typically defined as symptoms lasting less than 14 days.
- Patients typically develop prodromal symptoms after several days including: fever, malaise, irritability, lethargy, and chills.
- Local symptoms soon follow the prodrome and include: erythema, edema, warmth, and pain.
- Chronic osteomyelitis is defined as presence or recurrence of symptoms for greater than 14 days.
- Patients with chronic osteomyelitis develop sequestra.
- Patients may continue presenting with acute symptoms and bearing weight may become increasingly difficult.
- Patients may develop soft tissue ulcers, nonhealing fractures, and Brodie's abscess.
Complications
Chronic osteomyelitis may cause the following complications:
- Bone destruction
- Pathologic fractures
- Limb amputation
- Contiguous infection of joints or soft tissue
- Reduced limb or joint function
- Impaired bone growth in children
- Neoplasm
- Tumor[1]
- Most common: squamous cell carcinoma
- Less common: fibrosarcoma, myeloma, lymphoma, plasmacytoma, angiosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma
Prognosis
With treatment, the outcome for acute osteomyelitis is usually good. The outlook is worse for those with long-term (chronic) osteomyelitis, even with surgery. Amputation may be needed, especially in those with diabetes or poor blood circulation. The outlook for those with an infection of an orthopedic prosthesis depends, in part, on:
- The patient's health
- The type of infection
- Whether the infected prosthesis can be safely removed
References
- ↑ Johnston RM, Miles JS (1973). "Sarcomas arising from chronic osteomyelitic sinuses. A report of two cases". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 55 (1): 162–8. PMID 4691654.