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==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients with Japanese encephalitis usually appear [[lethargic]]. Physical examination of patients with Japanese encephalitis is usually remarkable for [[meningism]], [[fever]], and [[convulsions]].
Patients with Japanese encephalitis are usually ill-appearing. Physical examination of patients with Japanese encephalitis is usually remarkable for [[meningism]], [[fever]], and [[convulsions]].
 
Signs of Japanese encephalitis which develop during the [[acute]] encephalitic stage include [[neck rigidity]], [[cachexia]], [[hemiparesis]], [[convulsion]]s and a raised body temperature between 38 and 41 degrees Celsius. The classical description of Japanese encephalitis includes a [[Parkinsonian]] syndrome with masklike [[facies]], [[tremor]], cogwheel rigidity, and [[choreoathetosis|choreoathetoid]] movements. [[Acute]] [[flaccid paralysis]], with clinical and [[pathological]] features similar to those of [[poliomyelitis]], has also been associated with JE.


==Physical examination==
==Physical examination==
Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
Patients with Japanese encephalitis are usually ill-appearing. Physical examination of patients with Japanese encephalitis is usually remarkable for [[meningism]], [[fever]], and [[convulsions]].<ref name="pmid27042509">{{cite journal| author=Suman V, Roy U, Panwar A, Raizada A| title=Japanese Encephalitis Complicated with Obstructive Hydrocephalus. | journal=J Clin Diagn Res | year= 2016 | volume= 10 | issue= 2 | pages= OD18-20 | pmid=27042509 | doi=10.7860/JCDR/2016/16917.7274 | pmc=PMC4800575 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27042509  }} </ref><ref name="pmid23994995">{{cite journal| author=Kato H, Mitake S, Yuasa H, Hayashi S, Hara T, Matsukawa N| title=Successful treatment of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis with combination antimicrobial therapy. | journal=Intern Med | year= 2013 | volume= 52 | issue= 17 | pages= 1977-81 | pmid=23994995 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23994995  }} </ref><ref name="pmid22837781">{{cite journal| author=Bhatt GC, Sharma T, Kushwaha KP| title=Concurrent infection of Japanese encephalitis and mixed plasmodium infection. | journal=J Pediatr Neurosci | year= 2012 | volume= 7 | issue= 1 | pages= 52-4 | pmid=22837781 | doi=10.4103/1817-1745.97626 | pmc=PMC3401657 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22837781  }} </ref>


===Appearance of the Patient===
===Appearance of the Patient===
Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance].  
Patients with Japanese encephalitis are usually ill-appearing.  


===Vital Signs===
===Vital Signs===
*High-grade [[fever]] between 100.5-105°F (38-41°C)


===HEENT===
===HEENT===
*[[Parkinsonian]] syndrome
**Masklike [[facies]]
**[[Tremor]]
**Cogwheel rigidity ([[hypokinesia]])
**[[choreoathetosis|Choreoathetoid]] movements


===Neck===
===Neck===
*[[Neck rigidity]]


===Neuromuscular===
===Neuromuscular===
 
*[[Altered mental status]]
*[[Cachexia]]
*[[Hemiparesis]]
*[[Convulsion]]s
*[Acute]] [[flaccid paralysis]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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Revision as of 13:02, 19 April 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anthony Gallo, B.S. [2]

Overview

Patients with Japanese encephalitis are usually ill-appearing. Physical examination of patients with Japanese encephalitis is usually remarkable for meningism, fever, and convulsions.

Physical examination

Patients with Japanese encephalitis are usually ill-appearing. Physical examination of patients with Japanese encephalitis is usually remarkable for meningism, fever, and convulsions.[1][2][3]

Appearance of the Patient

Patients with Japanese encephalitis are usually ill-appearing.

Vital Signs

  • High-grade fever between 100.5-105°F (38-41°C)

HEENT

Neck

Neuromuscular

References

  1. Suman V, Roy U, Panwar A, Raizada A (2016). "Japanese Encephalitis Complicated with Obstructive Hydrocephalus". J Clin Diagn Res. 10 (2): OD18–20. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2016/16917.7274. PMC 4800575. PMID 27042509.
  2. Kato H, Mitake S, Yuasa H, Hayashi S, Hara T, Matsukawa N (2013). "Successful treatment of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis with combination antimicrobial therapy". Intern Med. 52 (17): 1977–81. PMID 23994995.
  3. Bhatt GC, Sharma T, Kushwaha KP (2012). "Concurrent infection of Japanese encephalitis and mixed plasmodium infection". J Pediatr Neurosci. 7 (1): 52–4. doi:10.4103/1817-1745.97626. PMC 3401657. PMID 22837781.