Conjunctivitis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
People who are exposed to someone infected with the [[viral]] or [[bacterial]] form of conjunctivitis are at risk for developing conjunctivitis. [[Children]] and [[adults]] can develop both [[bacterial]] and [[viral]] conjunctivitis, however bacterial conjunctivitis is more common in young [[children]]. | People who are exposed to someone infected with the [[viral]] or [[bacterial]] form of conjunctivitis are at risk for developing conjunctivitis. [[Children]] and [[adults]] can develop both [[bacterial]] and [[viral]] conjunctivitis, however bacterial conjunctivitis is more common in young [[children]]. | ||
Additionally, [[babies]] born to mothers infected with either [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]] or [[Chlamydia trachomatis]] are at an increased risk for conjunctivitis. During [[delivery]], these babies can contract [[ophthalmia neonatorum]], a form of bacterial conjunctivitis when their [[eyes]] are exposed to the [[bacteria]] in the [[birth canal]]. It must be treated immediately to prevent [[blindness]]. | Additionally, [[babies]] born to mothers infected with either [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]'' or ''[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]'' are at an increased risk for conjunctivitis. During [[delivery]], these babies can contract [[ophthalmia neonatorum]], a form of bacterial conjunctivitis when their [[eyes]] are exposed to the [[bacteria]] in the [[birth canal]]. It must be treated immediately to prevent [[blindness]]. | ||
===Infective Conjunctivitis=== | ===Infective Conjunctivitis=== | ||
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*Chronic use of topical medications | *Chronic use of topical medications | ||
*[[Immune compromise]] | *[[Immune compromise]] | ||
===Neonatal Conjunctivitis=== | ===Neonatal Conjunctivitis=== | ||
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*Poor [[prenatal care]] | *Poor [[prenatal care]] | ||
*Poor hygienic delivery conditions | *Poor hygienic delivery conditions | ||
===Allergic Conjunctivitis=== | |||
*[[Pollen]] from trees, grass | |||
*Animal skin and secretions such as [[saliva]] | |||
*Perfumes | |||
*Cosmetics | |||
*[[Air pollution]] | |||
*Smok | |||
===Keratoconjunctivitis=== | |||
*Keratoconjunctivitis sicca | |||
**[[Allergies]] | |||
**Decreased hormones (aging, pregnancy) | |||
**Thyroid eye conditions | |||
**[[Blepharitis]] | |||
**Medication use ([[anti histamines]], [[beta-blockers]], pain relievers, sleeping pills, [[diuretics]], [[Hormones replacement]], and [[oral contraceptives]]) | |||
**[[Autoimmune disorders]] ([[Sjogren's syndrome]], [[Lupus]] ,and [[Rheumatoid Arthritis]]) | |||
**Eye surgery | |||
**Infrequent blinking (staring at computer and [[Parkinson's]]) | |||
**Environmental (dusty or windy) | |||
**Contact lens use | |||
**Neurologic conditions ([[stroke]], [[Bell's palsy]], Parkinson's, [[trigeminal nerve]] problem) | |||
**[[Uveitis]] | |||
**[[Iritis]] | |||
**[[Diabetes]] | |||
**[[Vitamin A deficiency]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:04, 28 June 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The most potent risk factor for conjunctivitis is exposure to an individual infected with either the viral or bacterial form of conjunctivitis. Vaginal delivery is a risk factor for conjunctivitis in babies born to mothers infected with either Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis.
Risk Factors
People who are exposed to someone infected with the viral or bacterial form of conjunctivitis are at risk for developing conjunctivitis. Children and adults can develop both bacterial and viral conjunctivitis, however bacterial conjunctivitis is more common in young children. Additionally, babies born to mothers infected with either Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis are at an increased risk for conjunctivitis. During delivery, these babies can contract ophthalmia neonatorum, a form of bacterial conjunctivitis when their eyes are exposed to the bacteria in the birth canal. It must be treated immediately to prevent blindness.
Infective Conjunctivitis
- Poor hygienic habits
- Poor contact lens hygiene
- Contaminated cosmetics
- Crowded living or social conditions (elementary schools, military barracks)
- Ocular diseases including dry eye, blepharitis, and anatomic abnormalities of the ocular surface and lids
- Recent ocular surgery, exposed sutures or ocular foreign bodies
- Chronic use of topical medications
- Immune compromise
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
- Maternal infections
- HIV infected mothers
- Exposure of the infant to infectious organisms
- Inadequacy of ocular prophylaxis after birth
- Silver nitrate exposure
- Ocular trauma during delivery
- Mechanical ventilation
- Prematurity
- Poor prenatal care
- Poor hygienic delivery conditions
Allergic Conjunctivitis
- Pollen from trees, grass
- Animal skin and secretions such as saliva
- Perfumes
- Cosmetics
- Air pollution
- Smok
Keratoconjunctivitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
- Allergies
- Decreased hormones (aging, pregnancy)
- Thyroid eye conditions
- Blepharitis
- Medication use (anti histamines, beta-blockers, pain relievers, sleeping pills, diuretics, Hormones replacement, and oral contraceptives)
- Autoimmune disorders (Sjogren's syndrome, Lupus ,and Rheumatoid Arthritis)
- Eye surgery
- Infrequent blinking (staring at computer and Parkinson's)
- Environmental (dusty or windy)
- Contact lens use
- Neurologic conditions (stroke, Bell's palsy, Parkinson's, trigeminal nerve problem)
- Uveitis
- Iritis
- Diabetes
- Vitamin A deficiency