Neonatal jaundice pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{Neonatal jaundice}} | {{Neonatal jaundice}} | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
In neonates, benign jaundice tends to develop because of two factors - the breakdown of [[fetal hemoglobin]] as it is replaced with[[Hemoglobin|adult hemoglobin]] and the relatively immature hepatic metabolic pathways which are unable to conjugate and so excrete bilirubin as fast as an adult. This causes an accumulation of bilirubin in the body ([[hyperbilirubinemia]]), leading to the symptoms of jaundice. | In neonates, benign jaundice tends to develop because of two factors - the breakdown of [[fetal hemoglobin]] as it is replaced with[[Hemoglobin|adult hemoglobin]] and the relatively immature hepatic metabolic pathways which are unable to conjugate and so excrete bilirubin as fast as an adult. This causes an accumulation of bilirubin in the body ([[hyperbilirubinemia]]), leading to the symptoms of jaundice. | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | [[Category:Hepatology]] | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 15:01, 15 July 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Pathophysiology
In neonates, benign jaundice tends to develop because of two factors - the breakdown of fetal hemoglobin as it is replaced withadult hemoglobin and the relatively immature hepatic metabolic pathways which are unable to conjugate and so excrete bilirubin as fast as an adult. This causes an accumulation of bilirubin in the body (hyperbilirubinemia), leading to the symptoms of jaundice.
Severe neonatal jaundice may indicate the presence of other conditions contributing to the elevated bilirubin levels, of which there are a large variety of possibilities (see below). These should be detected or excluded as part of the differential diagnosis to prevent the development of complications. They can be grouped into the following categories:
| Neonatal jaundice | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unconjugated bilirubin | Conjugated bilirubin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pathologic | Physiologic | Hepatic | Post-hepatic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hemolytic | Non-hemolytic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intrinsic causes | Extrinsic causes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||