Hepatic encephalopathy natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Hepatic encephalopathy}} | {{Hepatic encephalopathy}} | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Hepatic encephalopathy leads to changed cognitive function. This can range from subtle deficits in higher mental functions (in mild cases) to [[obtundation]] and coma (in severe cases). Left untreated, severe hepatic encephalopathy can cause death. | Hepatic encephalopathy leads to changed cognitive function. This can range from subtle deficits in higher mental functions (in mild cases) to [[obtundation]] and coma (in severe cases). Left untreated, severe hepatic encephalopathy can cause death. | ||
==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
Hepatic encephalopathy may occur as an acute, potentially reversible disorder or it may occur as a chronic, progressive disorder that is associated with chronic liver disease. | Hepatic encephalopathy may occur as an acute, potentially reversible disorder or it may occur as a chronic, progressive disorder that is associated with chronic liver disease. | ||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
*[[Brain]] [[herniation]] | *[[Brain]] [[herniation]] | ||
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*Progressive, irreversible [[coma]] | *Progressive, irreversible [[coma]] | ||
*Side effects of medications | *Side effects of medications | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
Acute hepatic encephalopathy may be treatable. Chronic forms of the disorder often keep getting worse or continue to come back. Both forms may result in irreversible coma and death. Approximately 80% (8 out of 10 patients) die if they go into a coma. Recovery and the risk of the condition returning vary from patient to patient. | Acute hepatic encephalopathy may be treatable. Chronic forms of the disorder often keep getting worse or continue to come back. Both forms may result in irreversible coma and death. Approximately 80% (8 out of 10 patients) die if they go into a coma. Recovery and the risk of the condition returning vary from patient to patient. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
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[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 18:34, 15 July 2016
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Overview
Hepatic encephalopathy leads to changed cognitive function. This can range from subtle deficits in higher mental functions (in mild cases) to obtundation and coma (in severe cases). Left untreated, severe hepatic encephalopathy can cause death.
Natural History
Hepatic encephalopathy may occur as an acute, potentially reversible disorder or it may occur as a chronic, progressive disorder that is associated with chronic liver disease.
Complications
- Brain herniation
- Brain swelling
- Increased risk of:
- Permanent nervous system damage to movement, sensation, or mental state
- Progressive, irreversible coma
- Side effects of medications
Prognosis
Acute hepatic encephalopathy may be treatable. Chronic forms of the disorder often keep getting worse or continue to come back. Both forms may result in irreversible coma and death. Approximately 80% (8 out of 10 patients) die if they go into a coma. Recovery and the risk of the condition returning vary from patient to patient.