Bursitis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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===Septic=== | ===Septic=== | ||
Septic bursitis is the result of bacterial infection of the bursa by following routes: | *Septic bursitis is the result of bacterial infection of the bursa by following routes: | ||
*Through the skin injury following repetitive trauma | **Through the skin injury following repetitive trauma | ||
*Via [[fistula]] (vascular access) in chronic hemodialysis patients | **Via [[fistula]] (vascular access) in chronic hemodialysis patients | ||
Bursa close to the surface of the skin are the most likely to get infected with bacteria. | *Bursa close to the surface of the skin are the most likely to get infected with bacteria. Common location of septic bursitis include: | ||
Common location of septic bursitis include: | **Olecranon bursitis (in carpenters, athletes, or hemodialysis patients) | ||
*Olecranon bursitis (in carpenters, athletes, or hemodialysis patients) | **Prepatellar or infrapatellar septic bursitis (in athletes and those with kneeling occupations) | ||
*Prepatellar or infrapatellar septic bursitis (in athletes and those with kneeling occupations) | **Ischiogluteal bursitis (in weavers and patients with spinal cord injury) | ||
*Ischiogluteal bursitis (in weavers and patients with spinal cord injury) | **A bursa on medial aspect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (due to skin breakdown in patients with hallux valgus and inappropriate shoes) | ||
*A bursa on medial aspect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (due to skin breakdown in patients with hallux valgus and inappropriate shoes) | |||
==Gross Pathology== | ==Gross Pathology== | ||
Revision as of 13:42, 17 August 2016
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bursitis pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
Bursitis is characterized by the inflammation of a bursa and buildup of fluid in the bursa sac.
Pathophysiology
Bursitis is characterized by acute or chronic inflammation of a bursa and buildup of fluid in the bursa sac. A bursa is a small, fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between a bone and other moving parts: muscles, tendons, or skin. Over 160 bursa are found throughout the body and only few of them can cause bursitis.
Aseptic
- Bursitis commonly affect knee or elbow, from kneeling or leaning on the elbows longer than usual on a hard surface.
- Aseptic bursitis can be caused by following mechanism:
- Injuries, overuse, and repetitive stress to the joint
- Abnormal bony structures or soft-tissue changes that affect the movement of the joint.
- Bursitis commonly affect knee or elbow, from kneeling or leaning on the elbows longer than usual on a hard surface.
- Crystal deposit in the bursa in patient with gout and pseudogout
Septic
- Septic bursitis is the result of bacterial infection of the bursa by following routes:
- Through the skin injury following repetitive trauma
- Via fistula (vascular access) in chronic hemodialysis patients
- Bursa close to the surface of the skin are the most likely to get infected with bacteria. Common location of septic bursitis include:
- Olecranon bursitis (in carpenters, athletes, or hemodialysis patients)
- Prepatellar or infrapatellar septic bursitis (in athletes and those with kneeling occupations)
- Ischiogluteal bursitis (in weavers and patients with spinal cord injury)
- A bursa on medial aspect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (due to skin breakdown in patients with hallux valgus and inappropriate shoes)
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, bursitis is characterized by edema, erythema in the area over the bursa.
- On gross pathology, thickened, erythematous and shaggy bursal wall with fibrinous exudates are characteristic finding of bursitis.
Microscopic histopathological analysis
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, chronic inflammation and scarring are characteristic findings of bursitis.