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==Overview==
==Overview==
The [[symptoms]] of bursitis differ based on the location of the [[inflammation]]. Focal swelling, pain, and redness are symptoms common to all forms of bursitis. [[limbing]], [[upper or lower extremity weakness]], and [[fever]] are variable based on the type bursitis. Complete history will help determine whether the bursitis is associated with any specific work-related activities.<ref>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref><ref>Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.</ref><ref>Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.</ref>
The [[symptoms]] of bursitis differ based on the location of the [[inflammation]]. Focal swelling, pain, and redness are symptoms common to all forms of bursitis. [[limbing]], [[upper or lower extremity weakness]], and [[fever]] are variable based on the type bursitis. Complete history will help determine whether the bursitis is associated with any specific work-related activities.<ref name=Harrison's-rheumatology>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref><ref name=bursitis-upper-limb> Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.</ref><ref name=Bursitis-four-types> Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.</ref>
==History and symptoms==
==History and symptoms==
A detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Complete history will help determine whether the bursitis is associated with any specific work-related activities.
A detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Complete history will help determine whether the bursitis is associated with any specific work-related activities.
===History===
===History===
Specific areas of focus when obtaining a history from the patient include:<ref>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref>
Specific areas of focus when obtaining a history from the patient include:<ref name=Harrison's-rheumatology>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref>
*History of repetitive movement  
*History of repetitive movement  
*History of inflammatory disease (such as [[rheumatoid arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis (RF)]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus|[systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)]])
*History of inflammatory disease (such as [[rheumatoid arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis (RF)]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus|[systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)]])
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|History}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|History}}
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Subacromial bursitis]]'''<ref>Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Subacromial bursitis]]'''<ref name=bursitis-upper-limb> Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*History of shoulder injury, [[tendinitis]], or [[shoulder impingement syndrome]]
*History of shoulder injury, [[tendinitis]], or [[shoulder impingement syndrome]]
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*Hip [[prosthesis]]
*Hip [[prosthesis]]
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Prepatellar bursitis]]'''<ref>Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.</ref><ref>Huang, Yu-Chih, and Wen-Lin Yeh. "Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis." International orthopaedics 35.3 (2011): 355-358.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Prepatellar bursitis]]'''<ref name=Bursitis-four-types> Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.</ref><ref name=Prepatellar-Bursitis> Huang, Yu-Chih, and Wen-Lin Yeh. "Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis." International orthopaedics 35.3 (2011): 355-358.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*History of sudden knee injury
*History of sudden knee injury
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*History of crystal arthropathy [[gout]]
*History of crystal arthropathy [[gout]]
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Retrocalcaneal bursitis]]'''<ref>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref><ref>Lyman, Jeffrey, Paul S. Weinhold, and Louis C. Almekinders. "Strain behavior of the distal Achilles tendon implications for insertional Achilles tendinopathy." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 32.2 (2004): 457-461.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Retrocalcaneal bursitis]]'''<ref name=Harrison's-rheumatology>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref><ref name=Achilles tendon>Lyman, Jeffrey, Paul S. Weinhold, and Louis C. Almekinders. "Strain behavior of the distal Achilles tendon implications for insertional Achilles tendinopathy." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 32.2 (2004): 457-461.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*History of tight-fitting shoes
*History of tight-fitting shoes
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Symptoms}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Symptoms}}
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Subacromial bursitis]]'''<ref>Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Subacromial bursitis]]'''<ref name=bursitis-upper-limb> Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Mid shoulder pain early in the course of bursitis which gradually increase over time and eventually pain may be felt even at rest.
*Mid shoulder pain early in the course of bursitis which gradually increase over time and eventually pain may be felt even at rest.
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*Pain with active and passive motion  
*Pain with active and passive motion  
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Prepatellar bursitis]]'''<ref>Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.</ref><ref>Huang, Yu-Chih, and Wen-Lin Yeh. "Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis." International orthopaedics 35.3 (2011): 355-358.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Prepatellar bursitis]]'''<ref name=Bursitis-four-types> Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.</ref><ref name=Prepatellar-Bursitis> Huang, Yu-Chih, and Wen-Lin Yeh. "Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis." International orthopaedics 35.3 (2011): 355-358.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Reduced range of motion at the knee
*Reduced range of motion at the knee
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*Difficulty kneeling and walking
*Difficulty kneeling and walking
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Retrocalcaneal bursitis]]'''<ref>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref><ref>Lyman, Jeffrey, Paul S. Weinhold, and Louis C. Almekinders. "Strain behavior of the distal Achilles tendon implications for insertional Achilles tendinopathy." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 32.2 (2004): 457-461.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Retrocalcaneal bursitis]]'''<ref name=Harrison's-rheumatology>Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref><ref name=Achilles tendon>Lyman, Jeffrey, Paul S. Weinhold, and Louis C. Almekinders. "Strain behavior of the distal Achilles tendon implications for insertional Achilles tendinopathy." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 32.2 (2004): 457-461.</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Swelling at the back of heel
*Swelling at the back of heel

Revision as of 13:14, 30 August 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]

Overview

The symptoms of bursitis differ based on the location of the inflammation. Focal swelling, pain, and redness are symptoms common to all forms of bursitis. limbing, upper or lower extremity weakness, and fever are variable based on the type bursitis. Complete history will help determine whether the bursitis is associated with any specific work-related activities.[1][2][3]

History and symptoms

A detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Complete history will help determine whether the bursitis is associated with any specific work-related activities.

History

Specific areas of focus when obtaining a history from the patient include:[1]

Type of Bursitis History
Subacromial bursitis[2]
Olecranon bursitis[4][5]
  • History of direct trauma to the posterior elbow
  • History microtrauma, such as rubbing constantly the elbow against a table during writing
  • History of certain occupations, such as plumbers and technicians
  • History of systematic inflammatory process, such as rheumatoid arthritis
  • History of crystal deposition disease, like gout and pseudogout
Trochanteric bursitis[6][7]
Prepatellar bursitis[3][8]
Retrocalcaneal bursitis[1]

Symptoms

The symptoms of bursitis differ based on the anatomic location. Localized pain with movement and decreased range of motion (ROM) are symptoms common to all forms of bursitis. Localized redness or warmth are variable and seen in superficial bursitis. Septic bursitis is associated with fever in addition to other symptoms.


Type of Bursitis Symptoms
Subacromial bursitis[2]
  • Mid shoulder pain early in the course of bursitis which gradually increase over time and eventually pain may be felt even at rest.
  • Pain is worse after repetitive activity such as painting, throwing a ball, or playing tennis
  • pain is often worse at night
  • Popping sensation with shoulder movements
Olecranon bursitis[4][5]
  • Painful or painless focal swelling at the posterior elbow
Trochanteric bursitis[6][7]
  • Pain in the lateral side of the hip with walking, running or stair-climbing
  • Lower extremities weakness
  • Pain with active and passive motion
Prepatellar bursitis[3][8]
  • Reduced range of motion at the knee
  • Focal swelling, pain, and redness
  • Difficulty kneeling and walking
Retrocalcaneal bursitis[1]
  • Swelling at the back of heel
  • Pain at the back of the heel, especially when running uphill
  • Pain while standing on tiptoes

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Stell IM (1996). "Septic and non-septic olecranon bursitis in the accident and emergency department--an approach to management". J Accid Emerg Med. 13 (5): 351–3. PMC 1342774. PMID 8894865.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lockman L (2010). "Treating nonseptic olecranon bursitis: a 3-step technique". Can Fam Physician. 56 (11): 1157. PMC 2980436. PMID 21075998.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Brinks A, van Rijn RM, Bohnen AM, Slee GL, Verhaar JA, Koes BW; et al. (2007). "Effect of corticosteroid injection for trochanter pain syndrome: design of a randomised clinical trial in general practice". BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 8: 95. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-8-95. PMC 2045096. PMID 17880718.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Karpinski MR, Piggott H (1985). "Greater trochanteric pain syndrome. A report of 15 cases". J Bone Joint Surg Br. 67 (5): 762–3. PMID 4055877.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Huang, Yu-Chih, and Wen-Lin Yeh. "Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis." International orthopaedics 35.3 (2011): 355-358.


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