Typhoid fever laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Laboratory findings== | ==Laboratory findings== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of typhoid fever include | |||
===Culture=== | |||
Cult | |||
'''Blood culture''' | |||
:*Standard diagnostic method | |||
:*May be positive prior to antibiotic use | |||
:*Positive in 60 to 80 percent of cases | |||
'''Stool culture''' | |||
:*Positive in 30 percent of patients with acute typhoid fever | |||
:* | |||
'''Bone marrow culture''' | |||
:*Most sensitive | |||
:*Positive in 80 to 95 percent cases | |||
'''Culture from other sites''' | |||
:*Urine culture | |||
:*Culture of skin lesions | |||
:*Culture of duodenal contents | |||
===Serology=== | |||
'''Widal test''' | |||
'''Newer rapid antigen test''' | |||
'''Elisa for chronic carriers''' | |||
===other tests=== | |||
Diagnosis is made by [[blood culture|blood]], [[bone marrow]] or [[stool]] cultures and with the [[Widal test]] (demonstration of salmonella [[antibody|antibodies]] against [[antigens]] O-somatic and H-flagellar). In [[epidemic]]s and less wealthy countries, after excluding [[malaria]], [[dysentery]] or [[pneumonia]], a therapeutic trial time with [[chloramphenicol]] is generally undertaken while awaiting the results of [[Widal test]] and blood cultures.<ref name=Sherris>{{cite book | author = Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) | title = Sherris Medical Microbiology | edition = 4th ed. | publisher = McGraw Hill | year = 2004 | isbn = 0838585299 }}</ref> | Diagnosis is made by [[blood culture|blood]], [[bone marrow]] or [[stool]] cultures and with the [[Widal test]] (demonstration of salmonella [[antibody|antibodies]] against [[antigens]] O-somatic and H-flagellar). In [[epidemic]]s and less wealthy countries, after excluding [[malaria]], [[dysentery]] or [[pneumonia]], a therapeutic trial time with [[chloramphenicol]] is generally undertaken while awaiting the results of [[Widal test]] and blood cultures.<ref name=Sherris>{{cite book | author = Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) | title = Sherris Medical Microbiology | edition = 4th ed. | publisher = McGraw Hill | year = 2004 | isbn = 0838585299 }}</ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Laboratory findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of typhoid fever include
Culture
Cult Blood culture
- Standard diagnostic method
- May be positive prior to antibiotic use
- Positive in 60 to 80 percent of cases
Stool culture
- Positive in 30 percent of patients with acute typhoid fever
Bone marrow culture
- Most sensitive
- Positive in 80 to 95 percent cases
Culture from other sites
- Urine culture
- Culture of skin lesions
- Culture of duodenal contents
Serology
Widal test Newer rapid antigen test Elisa for chronic carriers
other tests
Diagnosis is made by blood, bone marrow or stool cultures and with the Widal test (demonstration of salmonella antibodies against antigens O-somatic and H-flagellar). In epidemics and less wealthy countries, after excluding malaria, dysentery or pneumonia, a therapeutic trial time with chloramphenicol is generally undertaken while awaiting the results of Widal test and blood cultures.[1]
References
- ↑ Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed. ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0838585299.