Erysipelas natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Erysipelas}} | {{Erysipelas}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{LRO}} | ||
{{ | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
*Erysipelas onset begins shortly after [[streptococcal infection]].<ref name="pmid26866211">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ferretti JJ, Stevens DL, Fischetti VA, Stevens DL, Bryant AE |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=26866211 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
**An initial [[lesion]] forms with localized [[erythema]] and [[edema]] | |||
**Advancing from the initial location is rapid, with raised and sharply demarcated boundaries from surrounding unaffected tissue. | |||
**Untreated, the [[lesions]] will spread, while the initial manifestation resolves. | |||
**Systemic symptoms, including [[fever]], [[chills]], and [[vomiting]] may occur as the [[inflammation]] persists and spreads. | |||
*If left untreated, Erysipelas will not usually be self-resolved and can lead to life-threatening complications.<ref name="urlErysipelas and cellulitis: Overview - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health">{{cite web |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0078236/ |title=Erysipelas and cellulitis: Overview - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Complications of Erysipelas occur if the infectious pathogen is not treated, including the following: | |||
*Increased severity of [[lesions]], including [[haemorrhagic]], [[bullous]], [[abscessing]] and [[necrotic]]<ref name="pmid21198795">{{cite journal |vauthors=Krasagakis K, Samonis G, Valachis A, Maniatakis P, Evangelou G, Tosca A |title=Local complications of erysipelas: a study of associated risk factors |journal=Clin. Exp. Dermatol. |volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=351–4 |year=2011 |pmid=21198795 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2230.2010.03978.x |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Spread of infection to other areas of body through the bloodstream ([[bacteremia]]), including septic arthritis and infective [[endocarditis]] (heart valves). | *Spread of infection to other areas of body through the bloodstream ([[bacteremia]]), including septic arthritis and infective [[endocarditis]] (heart valves). | ||
*[[Septic shock]]. | *[[Septic shock]]. | ||
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{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 14:24, 13 September 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Natural History
- Erysipelas onset begins shortly after streptococcal infection.[1]
- An initial lesion forms with localized erythema and edema
- Advancing from the initial location is rapid, with raised and sharply demarcated boundaries from surrounding unaffected tissue.
- Untreated, the lesions will spread, while the initial manifestation resolves.
- Systemic symptoms, including fever, chills, and vomiting may occur as the inflammation persists and spreads.
- If left untreated, Erysipelas will not usually be self-resolved and can lead to life-threatening complications.[2]
Complications
Complications of Erysipelas occur if the infectious pathogen is not treated, including the following:
- Increased severity of lesions, including haemorrhagic, bullous, abscessing and necrotic[3]
- Spread of infection to other areas of body through the bloodstream (bacteremia), including septic arthritis and infective endocarditis (heart valves).
- Septic shock.
- Recurrence of infection – Erysipelas can recur in 18-30% of cases even after antibiotic treatment.
- Lymphatic damage
- Necrotizing fasciitis -- AKA "the flesh-eating bug." A potentially-deadly exacerbation of the infection if it spreads to deeper tissue.
Prognosis
References
- ↑ Ferretti JJ, Stevens DL, Fischetti VA, Stevens DL, Bryant AE. PMID 26866211. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "Erysipelas and cellulitis: Overview - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health".
- ↑ Krasagakis K, Samonis G, Valachis A, Maniatakis P, Evangelou G, Tosca A (2011). "Local complications of erysipelas: a study of associated risk factors". Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 36 (4): 351–4. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2010.03978.x. PMID 21198795.