Differentiating erythrasma from other diseases: Difference between revisions

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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Dermatophytosis]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Dermatophytosis]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Presents with lesions that vary based on the location of the [[mycosis]], but usually displays in a circular shape with [[erythema]], scaling, and [[itching]] at the point of infiltration .<ref name="pmid25403034">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ely JW, Rosenfeld S, Seabury Stone M |title=Diagnosis and management of tinea infections |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=90 |issue=10 |pages=702–10 |year=2014 |pmid=25403034 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Presents with lesions that vary based on the location of the [[mycosis]], but usually displays in a circular shape with [[erythema]], scaling, and [[itching]] at the point of infiltration .<ref name="pmid25403034">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ely JW, Rosenfeld S, Seabury Stone M |title=Diagnosis and management of tinea infections |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=90 |issue=10 |pages=702–10 |year=2014 |pmid=25403034 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Differentiated by its [[mycosis|mycotic]] cause. Treatment involves topical [[antifungal]] medication, including [[miconazole]], [[clotrimazole]], [[ketoconazole]], [[terbinafine]], [[naftifine]], and [[butenafine]].<ref name="pmid15663341">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kyle AA, Dahl MV |title=Topical therapy for fungal infections |journal=Am J Clin Dermatol |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=443–51 |year=2004 |pmid=15663341 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Shingles]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Candidiasis]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Presents with [[itching]], [[pain]], and [[tingling]] on a single side of the body or face, which will develop into a [[rash]] with [[blisters]]. It can also present with [[fever]], [[chills]], [[headache]], and [[nausea]].<ref name="urlShingles | Signs and Symptoms | Herpes Zoster | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/shingles/about/symptoms.html |title=Shingles &#124; Signs and Symptoms &#124; Herpes Zoster &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>. Differentiated from erysipelas by its cause ([[Varicella zoster virus]] infection) and is usually [[self-limited]]; [[antiviral]] therapy and [[analgesics]] are indicated to shorten the duration and severity of symptoms, which will usually self-resolve within 7-10 days. Recognition and diagnosis of [[shingles]] is important to prevent complications, including [[postherpetic neuralgia]].<ref name="pmid24916088">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kawai K, Gebremeskel BG, Acosta CJ |title=Systematic review of incidence and complications of herpes zoster: towards a global perspective |journal=BMJ Open |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=e004833 |year=2014 |pmid=24916088 |pmc=4067812 |doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004833 |url=}}</ref>
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Angioedema]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Intertrigo]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |An [[edema|edematous]] condition that involves swelling occurring below the [[epidermis]], including the [[dermis]] and [[mucous membranes]].<ref name="pmid27601734">{{cite journal |vauthors=Misra L, Khurmi N, Trentman TL |title=Angioedema: Classification, management and emerging therapies for the perioperative physician |journal=Indian J Anaesth |volume=60 |issue=8 |pages=534–41 |year=2016 |pmid=27601734 |pmc=4989802 |doi=10.4103/0019-5049.187776 |url=}}</ref> [[Angioedema]] usually presents with [[edema]] near the [[eyes]] and [[lips]], as well as the [[hands]], [[feet]], and [[throat]].<ref name="urlAngioedema: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000846.htm |title=Angioedema: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> Can present similarly to erysipelas if [[epidermal]] [[welts]] and [[blisters]] form in the regions of [[edema]], as well as cause [[abdominal]] pain.<ref name="pmid20589206">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bork K |title=Recurrent angioedema and the threat of asphyxiation |journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int |volume=107 |issue=23 |pages=408–14 |year=2010 |pmid=20589206 |pmc=2893523 |doi=10.3238/arztebl.2010.0408 |url=}}</ref> Differentiated from erysipelas in that the cause is primarily an [[allergic]] reaction to a variety of possible allergens, including pollen, food, or medication. While [[angioedema]] is usually self-limited and will resolve itself upon the cessation of exposure to the [[allergen]], treatment with [[antihistamines]], [[epinephrine]], or [[corticosteroids]] must be administered to prevent life-threatening complications, including [[asphyxiation]] if the [[edema]] occurs in the [[throat]].<ref name="pmid20589206">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bork K |title=Recurrent angioedema and the threat of asphyxiation |journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int |volume=107 |issue=23 |pages=408–14 |year=2010 |pmid=20589206 |pmc=2893523 |doi=10.3238/arztebl.2010.0408 |url=}}</ref>
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |An [[inflammatory]] condition of the [[epidermis]] resulting from direct contact with an [[allergen]] or [[irritant]]. Contact dermatitis is similar to erysipelas due to the usual presentation of [[erythema]], [[blisters]], [[itching]], [[pain]], and [[discharge]]. Differentiated from erysipelas by its cause: an [[allergic]] response by contact to a specific surface or entity. There is no indication of [[bacterial]] infection. Common causes include chemicals from cosmetic and hygienic products, fabrics, metals, and animal [[hair]] or [[skin]]. Therapy involves avoiding the original cause and application of topical or oral [[corticosteroids]] and [[analgesics]].<ref name="urlContact dermatitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000869.htm |title=Contact dermatitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |An [[inflammatory]] condition of the [[epidermis]] resulting from direct contact with an [[allergen]] or [[irritant]]. Contact dermatitis is similar to erysipelas due to the usual presentation of [[erythema]], [[blisters]], [[itching]], [[pain]], and [[discharge]]. Differentiated from erysipelas by its cause: an [[allergic]] response by contact to a specific surface or entity. There is no indication of [[bacterial]] infection. Common causes include chemicals from cosmetic and hygienic products, fabrics, metals, and animal [[hair]] or [[skin]]. Therapy involves avoiding the original cause and application of topical or oral [[corticosteroids]] and [[analgesics]].<ref name="urlContact dermatitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000869.htm |title=Contact dermatitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>


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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Inflammatory breast cancer]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Presents with [[edema]] and [[erythema]] of the [[breast]], as well as [[itching]], [[pain]], and [[tenderness]] from the [[inflammation]].<ref name="urlInflammatory Breast Cancer - National Cancer Institute">{{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/ibc-fact-sheet |title=Inflammatory Breast Cancer - National Cancer Institute |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> Differentiated from erysipelas by the fact that [[inflammation]] is usually limited to the [[breast]]. Additional differential criteria include development of "ridges" on the breast, giving the appearance of an orange peel. It is urgent to differentiate and diagnose [[inflammatory breast cancer]] to begin immediate [[chemotherapy]], [[radiation therapy]], and/or [[surgery]] when indicated. 
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Revision as of 20:21, 29 September 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Erythrasma must be differentiated from other dermatological conditions that present with pain, erythema, edema, and blisters of the skin, as well as other systemic conditions such as fever, chills, fatigue, headache, and vomiting.

Differentiating Erythrasma from other Diseases

Erythrasma must be differentiated from other dermatological conditions that present with reddish-brown scales and [[itching], as well as other diseases resulting from corynebacteria infection.

Disease Findings
Psoriasis Presents with erythema and formation of silvery scales on the epidermis, resulting in itching and pain.[1] Differentiates from Erythrasma in that it is usually located throughout the entire body; Erythrasma usually manifests in skin folds of the armpit, groin, and perianal regions.[2]Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder and is not caused by Corynebacteria; therapeutic options include topical corticosteroids, systemic anti-inflammatory therapies (such as methotrexate and cyclosporine), and UVA/UVB phototherapy.[2] Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent condition; Erythrasma will usually resolve with sufficient treatment.
Dermatophytosis Presents with lesions that vary based on the location of the mycosis, but usually displays in a circular shape with erythema, scaling, and itching at the point of infiltration .[3] Differentiated by its mycotic cause. Treatment involves topical antifungal medication, including miconazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine, naftifine, and butenafine.[4]
Candidiasis
Intertrigo
Contact dermatitis An inflammatory condition of the epidermis resulting from direct contact with an allergen or irritant. Contact dermatitis is similar to erysipelas due to the usual presentation of erythema, blisters, itching, pain, and discharge. Differentiated from erysipelas by its cause: an allergic response by contact to a specific surface or entity. There is no indication of bacterial infection. Common causes include chemicals from cosmetic and hygienic products, fabrics, metals, and animal hair or skin. Therapy involves avoiding the original cause and application of topical or oral corticosteroids and analgesics.[5]

References

  1. ↑ "Psoriasis: MedlinePlus".
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Di Meglio P, Villanova F, Nestle FO (2014). "Psoriasis". Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 4 (8). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a015354. PMC 4109580. PMID 25085957.
  3. ↑ Ely JW, Rosenfeld S, Seabury Stone M (2014). "Diagnosis and management of tinea infections". Am Fam Physician. 90 (10): 702–10. PMID 25403034.
  4. ↑ Kyle AA, Dahl MV (2004). "Topical therapy for fungal infections". Am J Clin Dermatol. 5 (6): 443–51. PMID 15663341.
  5. ↑ "Contact dermatitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".

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