Candida vulvovaginitis physical examination: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 18:47, 18 October 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2], Dima Nimri, M.D. [3]

Overview

Physical Examination

Candida vulvovaginitis requires a careful examination of the external genitalia, the vaginal sidewalls, as well as the cervix. Signs include:^[1]^[2]

Vulvar edema or erythema
Fissures and excoriations of the external genitalia, and/or
Thick, white vaginal discharge.

Gallery

Oral candidiasis on the tongue and soft palate.
Oral manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS. Chronic oral candidiasis in patient with AIDS. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Soft palate showing extensive oral candidiasis in patient with AIDS. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
Oral candidiasis Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Eczema secondary to candidiasis. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
Candidiasis; skinfold. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Erythematous candidiasis. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
Genital candidiasis. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Paronychia: Another manifestation of candidiasis. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
Interdigital candidiasis. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Candidiasis of umblical cord. White spots of colonies are present. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
Lung: Candidiasis. Postmortem findings. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Image: Candidiasis 17.jpeg| Candidiasis of the fingernail caused by a fungus of the genus Candida. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). ^[3]

Skin folds

Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]
Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]

Genitourinary

Infant presented with a rash formerly known as “Moniliasis” now called Candidiasis caused by the fungus Candida sp. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). ^[3]
Wet mounted vaginal smear specimen, revealed the presence of Candida albicans, which had been extracted from a patient with vaginal candidiasis. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). ^[3]
Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]
Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]
Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">

Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]

Oral cavity

Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]
Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]
Candidiasis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[4]

References

↑ Eckert LO, Hawes SE, Stevens CE, Koutsky LA, Eschenbach DA, Holmes KK (1998). "Vulvovaginal candidiasis: clinical manifestations, risk factors, management algorithm". Obstet Gynecol. 92 (5): 757–65. PMID 9794664.
↑ Eckert LO (2006). "Clinical practice. Acute vulvovaginitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (12): 1244–52. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp053720. PMID 16990387.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 "Public Health Image Library (PHIL)".
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 ^4.5 ^4.6 ^4.7 ^4.8 "Dermatology Atlas".

Template:WS

[pmid9794664-1] Eckert LO, Hawes SE, Stevens CE, Koutsky LA, Eschenbach DA, Holmes KK (1998). "Vulvovaginal candidiasis: clinical manifestations, risk factors, management algorithm". Obstet Gynecol. 92 (5): 757–65. PMID 9794664.

[pmid16990387-2] Eckert LO (2006). "Clinical practice. Acute vulvovaginitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (12): 1244–52. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp053720. PMID 16990387.

[PHIL-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 "Public Health Image Library (PHIL)".

[Dermatology_Atlas-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 ^4.5 ^4.6 ^4.7 ^4.8 "Dermatology Atlas".

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@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ==Physical Examination==
-In [[immunocompetent]] people, candidiasis can usually only be found in exposed and moist parts of the body, such as:
+[[Candida]] [[vulvovaginitis]] requires a careful examination of the external genitalia, the vaginal sidewalls, as well as the cervix. Signs include:<ref name="pmid9794664">{{cite journal |vauthors=Eckert LO, Hawes SE, Stevens CE, Koutsky LA, Eschenbach DA, Holmes KK |title=Vulvovaginal candidiasis: clinical manifestations, risk factors, management algorithm |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=92 |issue=5 |pages=757–65 |year=1998 |pmid=9794664 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16990387">{{cite journal |vauthors=Eckert LO |title=Clinical practice. Acute vulvovaginitis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=355 |issue=12 |pages=1244–52 |year=2006 |pmid=16990387 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp053720 |url=}}</ref>
-* the [[oral cavity]] (oral thrush)
+*Vulvar edema or erythema
-* the [[vagina]] and/or [[vulva]] (vaginal candidiasis or thrush)
+*Fissures and excoriations of the external genitalia, and/or
-* folds of skin in the [[diaper]] area ([[diaper rash]])
+*Thick, white vaginal discharge.
-* the nipples while breastfeeding
-* the [[penis]] or [[foreskin]]
-* the [[armpit]]
-* the ear
-* the skin around the [[nostrils]] or in the nostrils
-Candidiasis is the second most common cause of [[vagina]]l irritation, or [[vaginitis]], and can also occur on the male genitals. In [[immunocompromised]] patients, the ''Candida'' infection can involve the [[esophageal candidiasis|esophagus]] and can become [[systemic]], causing a much more serious condition: [[fungemia]].
-Children, mostly between the ages of 3 and 9 years, can be affected by chronic mouth yeast infections, normally seen around the mouth as white patches. However, this is not a common condition.
 ==Gallery==