Pelvic inflammatory disease natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Natural history== | ==Natural history== | ||
If left untreated it may lead to infertility in approximately 16% of affected women. it may progress to adjacent organ involvement or even peritonitis. | If left untreated it may lead to infertility in approximately 16% of affected women.<ref name="pmid1411832">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weström L, Joesoef R, Reynolds G, Hagdu A, Thompson SE |title=Pelvic inflammatory disease and fertility. A cohort study of 1,844 women with laparoscopically verified disease and 657 control women with normal laparoscopic results |journal=Sex Transm Dis |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=185–92 |year=1992 |pmid=1411832 |doi= |url=}}</ref> it may progress to adjacent organ involvement or even peritonitis. | ||
== | ==Prognosis== | ||
PID | The overall prognosis of PID is good if patients treated within 3 days of symptoms onset but the clinical improvement can not guaranty protection against infertility.<ref name="pmid15652102">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ross J |title=Pelvic inflammatory disease |journal=Clin Evid |volume= |issue=11 |pages=2121–7 |year=2004 |pmid=15652102 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
Factors that predict poor prognosis include:<ref name="pmid24118399">{{cite journal |vauthors=Terao M, Koga K, Fujimoto A, Wada-Hiraike O, Osuga Y, Yano T, Kozuma S |title=Factors that predict poor clinical course among patients hospitalized with pelvic inflammatory disease |journal=J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=495–500 |year=2014 |pmid=24118399 |doi=10.1111/jog.12189 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Advanced age, | |||
*History of previous open gynecological surgery, | |||
*Any cystic lesion identified by ultrasonography, | |||
*High CRP levels | |||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} |
Revision as of 13:51, 20 October 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]
Overview
Natural history
If left untreated it may lead to infertility in approximately 16% of affected women.[1] it may progress to adjacent organ involvement or even peritonitis.
Prognosis
The overall prognosis of PID is good if patients treated within 3 days of symptoms onset but the clinical improvement can not guaranty protection against infertility.[2] Factors that predict poor prognosis include:[3]
- Advanced age,
- History of previous open gynecological surgery,
- Any cystic lesion identified by ultrasonography,
- High CRP levels
Complications
References
- ↑ Weström L, Joesoef R, Reynolds G, Hagdu A, Thompson SE (1992). "Pelvic inflammatory disease and fertility. A cohort study of 1,844 women with laparoscopically verified disease and 657 control women with normal laparoscopic results". Sex Transm Dis. 19 (4): 185–92. PMID 1411832.
- ↑ Ross J (2004). "Pelvic inflammatory disease". Clin Evid (11): 2121–7. PMID 15652102.
- ↑ Terao M, Koga K, Fujimoto A, Wada-Hiraike O, Osuga Y, Yano T, Kozuma S (2014). "Factors that predict poor clinical course among patients hospitalized with pelvic inflammatory disease". J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 40 (2): 495–500. doi:10.1111/jog.12189. PMID 24118399.