Ischemic stroke history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:56, 10 November 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

History and Symptoms

Detailed history may suggest the underlying cause for ischemic stroke. The symptoms of a stroke are related to the anatomical location of the damage; nature and severity of the symptoms can therefore vary widely


Vessel involved	Site of infarction	History and symptoms
Anterior cerebral artery ^[1]^[2] Rare	Superficial branch Prefrontal cortex Primary motor cortex Primary sensory cortex Supplemental motor cortex	Right ACA^[1]^[2] Left sided motor weakness- contralateral lower limb Left sided sensory loss-contralateral lower limb Hemineglect ^[2] Behavioral abnormalities Urinary incontinence Left ACA^[1]^[3] Right sided motor weakness- contralateral lower limb Right sided sensory loss-contralateral lower limb Transcortical motor aphasia(non fluent)^[2]^[3] Mutism Contralateral grasp and sucking reflex (physical exam finding) Disorganized thinking Urinary incontinence Behavioral abnormalities
Anterior cerebral artery ^[1]^[2] Rare	Deep branches (medial lenticulostriate, Heubner's artery)^[4]^[5] Anterior part of thalamus Anterior limb of internal capsule Head of caudate nucleus Putamen Rostrum of corpus callosum Septum pellucidum	Abulia ^[4]^[5]^[6] Aphasia Dysarthria Memory impairment^[6] Confusion Confabulation^[4]
Middle cerebral artery^[7] Most common site of infarction	Right superficial division (RSD) Motor cortex (left head,neck and arm) Sensory cortex (left head, trunk and arm)	Left arm and face weakness Hemineglect
	Left superficial division (LSD) Broca's area (expressive speech area) Wernicke's area (receptive speech area) Motor cortex (right head, neck and arm) Sensory cortex (right head, neck and arm)	Right arm and facial weakness Hemineglect Non fluent aphasia (Broca's aphasia) Fluent aphasia (Wernicke's aphasia)
	Lenticulostriate branches Striatum (caudate and putamen) Globus pallidus Internal capsule (anterior limb and genu)	Pure upper motor weakness
Posterior cerebral artery	Superficial branch Occipital cortex Splenium of corpus callosum	Homonymous hemianopsia Alexia without agraphia.
Posterior cerebral artery	Deep branch Thalamus Internal capsule (posterior limb)	Hemisensory loss Hemiparesis
Vertebrobasilar artery	Midbrain	Weber syndrome
	Medulla	Lateral medullary syndrome Medial medullary syndrome
	Pons	Locked-in syndrome
	Cerebellum	Difficulty maintaining balance Vertigo Nausea Vomiting Tremors
	Thalamus
	Occipital cortex

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Nagaratnam N, Davies D, Chen E (1998). "Clinical effects of anterior cerebral artery infarction". J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 7 (6): 391–7. PMID 17895117.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Kumral E, Bayulkem G, Evyapan D, Yunten N (2002). "Spectrum of anterior cerebral artery territory infarction: clinical and MRI findings". Eur J Neurol. 9 (6): 615–24. PMID 12453077.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Alexander MP, Schmitt MA (1980). "The aphasia syndrome of stroke in the left anterior cerebral artery territory". Arch Neurol. 37 (2): 97–100. PMID 7356415.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 den Heijer T, Ruitenberg A, Bakker J, Hertzberger L, Kerkhoff H (2007). "Neurological picture. Bilateral caudate nucleus infarction associated with variant in circle of Willis". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 78 (11): 1175. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.112656. PMC 2117617. PMID 17940169.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Mendez MF, Adams NL, Lewandowski KS (1989). "Neurobehavioral changes associated with caudate lesions". Neurology. 39 (3): 349–54. PMID 2927642.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Mizuta H, Motomura N (2006). "Memory dysfunction in caudate infarction caused by Heubner's recurring artery occlusion". Brain Cogn. 61 (2): 133–8. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2005.11.002. PMID 16510225.
↑ Lemieux F, Lanthier S, Chevrier MC, Gioia L, Rouleau I, Cereda C; et al. (2012). "Insular ischemic stroke: clinical presentation and outcome". Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2 (1): 80–7. doi:10.1159/000343177. PMC 3492997. PMID 23139684.

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[pmid17895117-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Nagaratnam N, Davies D, Chen E (1998). "Clinical effects of anterior cerebral artery infarction". J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 7 (6): 391–7. PMID 17895117.

[pmid12453077-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Kumral E, Bayulkem G, Evyapan D, Yunten N (2002). "Spectrum of anterior cerebral artery territory infarction: clinical and MRI findings". Eur J Neurol. 9 (6): 615–24. PMID 12453077.

[pmid7356415-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Alexander MP, Schmitt MA (1980). "The aphasia syndrome of stroke in the left anterior cerebral artery territory". Arch Neurol. 37 (2): 97–100. PMID 7356415.

[pmid17940169-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 den Heijer T, Ruitenberg A, Bakker J, Hertzberger L, Kerkhoff H (2007). "Neurological picture. Bilateral caudate nucleus infarction associated with variant in circle of Willis". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 78 (11): 1175. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.112656. PMC 2117617. PMID 17940169.

[pmid2927642-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Mendez MF, Adams NL, Lewandowski KS (1989). "Neurobehavioral changes associated with caudate lesions". Neurology. 39 (3): 349–54. PMID 2927642.

[pmid16510225-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Mizuta H, Motomura N (2006). "Memory dysfunction in caudate infarction caused by Heubner's recurring artery occlusion". Brain Cogn. 61 (2): 133–8. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2005.11.002. PMID 16510225.

[pmid23139684-7] Lemieux F, Lanthier S, Chevrier MC, Gioia L, Rouleau I, Cereda C; et al. (2012). "Insular ischemic stroke: clinical presentation and outcome". Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2 (1): 80–7. doi:10.1159/000343177. PMC 3492997. PMID 23139684.

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 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
 *Hemisensory loss
-*Hemiparesis
+*[[Hemiparesis]]
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 | rowspan="6" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Vertebrobasilar artery'''

Ischemic stroke history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:56, 10 November 2016

Overview

History and Symptoms

References

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