Rhabdomyolysis causes: Difference between revisions
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*[[Adenovirus]] | *[[Adenovirus]] | ||
*[[Alcoholism]] | *[[Alcoholism]] | ||
*[[Alpha-methylacyl-coa racemase (amacr) deficiency]] | *[[Alpha-methylacyl-coa racemase|Alpha-methylacyl-coa racemase (amacr) deficiency]] | ||
*[[Anti parkison drug withdrawl]] | *[[Parkinson's disease medical therapy|Anti parkison drug withdrawl]] | ||
*[[Antiemetic agents]] | *[[Antiemetic|Antiemetic agents]] | ||
*[[Aripiprazole]] | *[[Aripiprazole]] | ||
*[[Asenapine maleate]] | *[[Asenapine maleate]] | ||
| Line 153: | Line 153: | ||
*[[Bacterial pyomyositis]] | *[[Bacterial pyomyositis]] | ||
*[[Barth syndrome]] | *[[Barth syndrome]] | ||
*[[Brody | *[[Adenosine triphosphate|Brody myopathy]] ([[Adenosine triphosphate|calcium adenosine triphosphatase deficiency]]) | ||
*[[Bromocriptine]] | *[[Bromocriptine]] | ||
*[[Burns]] | *[[Burns]] | ||
| Line 161: | Line 161: | ||
*[[Carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency]] | *[[Carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Chlorpromazine]] | *[[Chlorpromazine]] | ||
*[[Chronic | *[[Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia]] | ||
*[[Clozapine]] | *[[Clozapine]] | ||
*[[Coma]] | *[[Coma]] | ||
*[[Compartment syndrome]] | *[[Compartment syndrome]] | ||
*[[Coxiella burnetii( | *[[Coxiella burnetii]] ([[Q fever]]) | ||
*[[Coxsackievirus]] | *[[Coxsackievirus]] | ||
*[[Crush injury]] | *[[Crush injury]] | ||
*[[Cytomegalovirus | *[[Cytomegalovirus]] | ||
*[[Depolarising neuro-muscular blocker]] | *[[Neuromuscular-blocking drugs|Depolarising neuro-muscular blocker]] | ||
*[[Dermatomyositis]] | *[[Dermatomyositis]] | ||
*[[Desflurane]] | *[[Desflurane]] | ||
| Line 180: | Line 180: | ||
*[[Electrical injury]] | *[[Electrical injury]] | ||
*[[Electrolyte abnormalities]] | *[[Electrolyte abnormalities]] | ||
*[[Endocrinopathies]] | *[[Endocrinology|Endocrinopathies]] | ||
*[[Epstein-barr ]] | *[[Epstein-Barr|Epstein-barr ]] | ||
*[[Falciparum malaria]] | *[[Plasmodium falciparum|Falciparum malaria]] | ||
*[[Fluphenazine]] | *[[Fluphenazine]] | ||
*[[ | *[[GRACILE syndrome]] | ||
*[[Haloperidol]] | *[[Haloperidol]] | ||
*[[Halothane]] | *[[Halothane]] | ||
*[[Herpes simplex]] | *[[Herpes simplex]] | ||
*[[Human immunodeficiency virus]] | *[[Human immunodeficiency virus]] | ||
*[[Hypokalemia | *[[Hypokalemia]] | ||
*[[Hypophosphatemia]] | *[[Hypophosphatemia]] | ||
*[[Hypothyroidism]] | *[[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
*[[Iloperidone]] | *[[Iloperidone]] | ||
*[[Immobilizaion]] | *[[Immobility|Immobilizaion]] | ||
*[[Inflammatory myopathies]] | *[[Polymyositis|Inflammatory myopathies]] | ||
*[[Influenza A and B]] | *[[Influenza|Influenza A and B]] | ||
*[[Isoflurane]] | *[[Isoflurane]] | ||
*[[Isolated myopathy]] | *[[Myopathy|Isolated myopathy]] | ||
*[[Kearns- | *[[Kearns-Sayre syndrome]] | ||
*[[Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency]] | *[[Lactate dehydrogenase|Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency]] | ||
*[[L-dopa]] | *[[L-dopa]] | ||
*[[Legionella]] | *[[Legionella]] | ||
*[[Leigh's disease]] | *[[Leigh's disease]] | ||
*[[Leptospirosis]] | *[[Leptospirosis]] | ||
*[[Lipin-1 deficiency]] | *[[LIPIN1|Lipin-1 deficiency]] | ||
*[[Long-chain acyl- | *[[Long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Loxapine]] | *[[Loxapine]] | ||
*[[Malignant hyperthermia]] | *[[Malignant hyperthermia]] | ||
*[[Malignant | *[[Malignant hyperthermia]] susceptibility caused by ryr1 gene mutations | ||
*[[Metabolic myopathies]] | *[[Myopathy|Metabolic myopathies]] | ||
*[[Metoclopramide]] | *[[Metoclopramide]] | ||
*[[Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like | *[[Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes]] (MELAS) | ||
*[[Mitochondrial myopathies]] | *[[Mitochondrial myopathy|Mitochondrial myopathies]] | ||
*[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]] | *[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]] | ||
*[[Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency]] | *[[Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red | *[[Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers]] (MERRF) | ||
*[[Myophosphorylase deficiency]] | *[[Glycogen storage disease type V|Myophosphorylase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome]] | *[[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome]] | ||
*[[Neuroleptics]] | *[[Neuroleptics]] | ||
*[[Non-ketotic hyperglycemia]] | *[[Hyperglycemia|Non-ketotic hyperglycemia]] | ||
*[[Olanzapine]] | *[[Olanzapine]] | ||
*[[Paliperidone]] | *[[Paliperidone]] | ||
*[[Parainfluenza]] | *[[Parainfluenza]] | ||
*[[Perphenazine]] | *[[Perphenazine]] | ||
*[[Phosphofructokinase deficiency]] | *[[Phosphofructo kinase|Phosphofructokinase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency]] | *[[Phosphoglycerate kinase|Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency]] | *[[Phosphoglycerate mutase|Phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Phosphorylase kinase deficiency]] | *[[Phosphorylase kinase|Phosphorylase kinase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Polymyositis]] | *[[Polymyositis]] | ||
*[[Post - operative surgical trauma]] | *[[Post operative complications|Post - operative surgical trauma]] | ||
*[[Post ictal state]] | *[[Post ictal state]] | ||
*[[Prochlorperazine]] | *[[Prochlorperazine]] | ||
| Line 236: | Line 236: | ||
*[[Risperidone]] | *[[Risperidone]] | ||
*[[Salmonella]] | *[[Salmonella]] | ||
*[[Severe encephalomyopathy of infancy or childhood]] | *[[Mitochondrial myopathy|Severe encephalomyopathy of infancy or childhood]] | ||
*[[Sevoflurane]] | *[[Sevoflurane]] | ||
*[[Short-chain acyl-coenzyme | *[[Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency]] | ||
*[[Staphylococcal infection]] | *[[Staphylococcal infection]] | ||
*[[Status asthmaticus]] | *[[Status asthmaticus]] | ||
| Line 247: | Line 247: | ||
*[[Trifluoperazine]] | *[[Trifluoperazine]] | ||
*[[Tularemia]] | *[[Tularemia]] | ||
*[[Volatile anesthetic agent]] | *[[Volatile anaesthetic|Volatile anesthetic agent]] | ||
*[[Ziprasidone]] | *[[Ziprasidone]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 14:48, 22 November 2016
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Rhabdomyolysis Microchapters |
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Case Studies |
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Rhabdomyolysis causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Rhabdomyolysis causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
The aetiological spectrum of rhabdomyolysis is extensive in many cases, multiple muscle insults are usually needed to produce rhabdomyolysis unless an underlying myopathy is present. The most common causes of rhabdomyolysis in adults are illicit drugs, alcohol abuse, medication, muscle diseases, trauma, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), seizures and immobility, Whereas in paediatric patients, the most common causes are viral myositis, trauma, connective tissue disorders, exercise, and drug overdose.[1]
Causes
Life-Threatening Causes
- Burns
- Crush injury
- Electrical injury
- Exertional Heat stroke
- Compartmental syndrome
- Malignant hyperthermia
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- Electrolyte abnormalities such as Hypokalemia
Common Causes
- Burns
- crush injury
- Long-lasting muscle compression in Coma patients, under the influence of alcohol, medication or illicit drugs
- Electrical injury
- Snake venom
- Heat stroke
- Seizures
Causes by Pathophysiology
| Rhadomyolysis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traumatic or Muscle Compression | Non - Traumatic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Traumatic Exertional | Non-Traumatic Non-Exertional | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non - Traumatic Exertional Rhadomyolysis in a Normal Muscle | Non - Traumatic Exertional Rhadomyolysis in an Abnormal Muscle | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ❑ Crush injury ❑ Coma ❑ Post ictal state ❑ Post - Operative Surgical trauma ❑ Electrical Injury ❑ Compartment Syndrome ❑ Immobilizaion | ❑ Exertional Heat Stroke ❑ Sickle cell trait ❑ Hyperkinetic States Such as * Grand mal Seizures * Delirium tremens * Psychotic agitation * Amphetamine Overdose | ❑ Metabolic myopathies ❑ Mitochondrial myopathies ❑ Malignant hyperthermia ❑ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome | ❑ Drugs and toxins ❑ Infections ❑ Electrolyte abnormalities ❑ Endocrinopathies ❑ Inflammatory myopathies ❑ Miscellaneous | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Traumatic Non-Exertional Causes | |
|---|---|
Infections
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Viral infections : Adenovirus, Coxsackievirus, Cytomegalovirus, Echovirus , Epstein-Barr , Herpes simplex, Human immunodeficiency virus, Influenza A and B, Parainfluenza Bacterial infections : Bacterial pyomyositis, Coxiella burnetii(Q fever), E. coli, Ehrlichiosis,Falciparum malaria, Legionella, Leptospirosis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Salmonella, Staphylococcal infection, Streptococcus, Tularemia |
Electrolyte abnormalities
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Hypokalemia, Hypophosphatemia |
Endocrinopathies
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Hypothyroidism, Diabetic ketoacidosis , Non-ketotic hyperglycemia |
Inflammatory myopathies
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Dermatomyositis, Polymyositis |
Miscellaneous
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Alcoholism, Baclofen withdrawl, Capillary leak syndrome, Status asthmaticus |
Causes by Alphabetical Order
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3References
- ↑ Khan FY (2009) Rhabdomyolysis: a review of the literature. Neth J Med 67 (9):272-83. PMID: 19841484