Intracerebral hemorrhage epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
*The overall incidence of | *The overall incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) ranges from 12 to 31 per 100,000 population.<ref name="pmid10757834">{{cite journal| author=Gebel JM, Broderick JP| title=Intracerebral hemorrhage. | journal=Neurol Clin | year= 2000 | volume= 18 | issue= 2 | pages= 419-38 | pmid=10757834 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10757834 }} </ref> | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
*The incidence of [[Intra-axial hemorrhage|intracerebral hemorrhage]] (ICH) increases with age, after age 35 every 10 years, the risk of having ICH is getting doubled.<ref name="pmid22282880">{{cite journal| author=Stein M, Misselwitz B, Hamann GF, Scharbrodt W, Schummer DI, Oertel MF| title=Intracerebral hemorrhage in the very old: future demographic trends of an aging population. | journal=Stroke | year= 2012 | volume= 43 | issue= 4 | pages= 1126-8 | pmid=22282880 | doi=10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.644716 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22282880 }} </ref> | *The incidence of [[Intra-axial hemorrhage|intracerebral hemorrhage]] (ICH) increases with age, after age 35 every 10 years, the risk of having ICH is getting doubled.<ref name="pmid22282880">{{cite journal| author=Stein M, Misselwitz B, Hamann GF, Scharbrodt W, Schummer DI, Oertel MF| title=Intracerebral hemorrhage in the very old: future demographic trends of an aging population. | journal=Stroke | year= 2012 | volume= 43 | issue= 4 | pages= 1126-8 | pmid=22282880 | doi=10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.644716 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22282880 }} </ref> | ||
*Primary lobar hemorrhages, due to cerebral [[Amyloid angiopathy|amyloid]] angiopathy, are typically seen in elderly. Younger patients may also develop lobar hemorrhages, but in such cases they usually have an underlying lesion such as cerebral [[arteriovenous malformation]] (AVM).<ref name="pmid23733000">{{cite journal| author=Falcone GJ, Biffi A, Brouwers HB, Anderson CD, Battey TW, Ayres AM et al.| title=Predictors of hematoma volume in deep and lobar supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage. | journal=JAMA Neurol | year= 2013 | volume= 70 | issue= 8 | pages= 988-94 | pmid=23733000 | doi=10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.98 | pmc=3808840 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23733000 }} </ref> | *Primary lobar hemorrhages, due to cerebral [[Amyloid angiopathy|amyloid]] angiopathy, are typically seen in elderly. | ||
*Younger patients may also develop lobar hemorrhages, but in such cases they usually have an underlying lesion such as cerebral [[arteriovenous malformation]] [[Arteriovenous malformation|(AVM)]].<ref name="pmid23733000">{{cite journal| author=Falcone GJ, Biffi A, Brouwers HB, Anderson CD, Battey TW, Ayres AM et al.| title=Predictors of hematoma volume in deep and lobar supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage. | journal=JAMA Neurol | year= 2013 | volume= 70 | issue= 8 | pages= 988-94 | pmid=23733000 | doi=10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.98 | pmc=3808840 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23733000 }} </ref> | |||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
*The incidence of | *The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is the highest in Asians. | ||
*In African Americans, the incidence of | *In African Americans, the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is 48 cases per 100,000 persons. | ||
*In | *In Whites, the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is 48 cases per 100,000 persons. <ref name="pmid15790947">{{cite journal| author=Flaherty ML, Woo D, Haverbusch M, Sekar P, Khoury J, Sauerbeck L et al.| title=Racial variations in location and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. | journal=Stroke | year= 2005 | volume= 36 | issue= 5 | pages= 934-7 | pmid=15790947 | doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000160756.72109.95 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15790947 }} </ref> | ||
*The incidence of Intracerebral hemorrhage is higher in Mexican Americans than non-Hispanic whites.<ref name="pmid15286023">{{cite journal| author=Morgenstern LB, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Risser JM, Uchino K, Garcia N et al.| title=Excess stroke in Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic Whites: the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project. | journal=Am J Epidemiol | year= 2004 | volume= 160 | issue= 4 | pages= 376-83 | pmid=15286023 | doi=10.1093/aje/kwh225 | pmc=1524675 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15286023 }} </ref> | *The incidence of Intracerebral hemorrhage is higher in Mexican Americans than non-Hispanic whites.<ref name="pmid15286023">{{cite journal| author=Morgenstern LB, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Risser JM, Uchino K, Garcia N et al.| title=Excess stroke in Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic Whites: the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project. | journal=Am J Epidemiol | year= 2004 | volume= 160 | issue= 4 | pages= 376-83 | pmid=15286023 | doi=10.1093/aje/kwh225 | pmc=1524675 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15286023 }} </ref> | ||
===Case fatality rate=== | ===Case fatality rate=== | ||
*The 30-day case fatality rate of | *The 30-day [[case fatality rate]] of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) ranges from 37,000 to 52,000 cases per 100,000 individuals.<ref name=Dennis>Dennis, Martin S., et al. "Long-term survival after first-ever stroke: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project." Stroke 24.6 (1993): 796-800.</ref><ref name=Kleindorfer > Kleindorfer D., Broderick J., Khoury J., et al: The unchanging incidence and case-fatality of stroke in the 1990s: a population-based study. Stroke 2006; 37: pp. 2473-2478</ref> | ||
*Death at 1 year for | *Death at 1 year for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) varies by location:<ref name=Woo> Woo, Daniel, and Joseph P. Broderick. "Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: epidemiology and clinical presentation." Neurosurgery clinics of North America 13.3 (2002): 265-279.</ref> | ||
**Deep ICH 50,000 cases per 100,000 individuals | **Deep ICH 50,000 cases per 100,000 individuals | ||
**Lobar ICH 57,000 cases per 100,000 individuals | **Lobar ICH 57,000 cases per 100,000 individuals | ||
Revision as of 23:19, 23 November 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology
Incidence
- The overall incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) ranges from 12 to 31 per 100,000 population.[1]
Age
- The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) increases with age, after age 35 every 10 years, the risk of having ICH is getting doubled.[2]
- Primary lobar hemorrhages, due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, are typically seen in elderly.
- Younger patients may also develop lobar hemorrhages, but in such cases they usually have an underlying lesion such as cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM).[3]
Gender
Race
- The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is the highest in Asians.
- In African Americans, the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is 48 cases per 100,000 persons.
- In Whites, the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is 48 cases per 100,000 persons. [4]
- The incidence of Intracerebral hemorrhage is higher in Mexican Americans than non-Hispanic whites.[5]
Case fatality rate
- The 30-day case fatality rate of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) ranges from 37,000 to 52,000 cases per 100,000 individuals.[6][7]
- Death at 1 year for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) varies by location:[8]
- Deep ICH 50,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
- Lobar ICH 57,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
- Cerebellar ICH 42,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
- Brain steam 65,000 cases per 100,000 individuals
References
- ↑ Gebel JM, Broderick JP (2000). "Intracerebral hemorrhage". Neurol Clin. 18 (2): 419–38. PMID 10757834.
- ↑ Stein M, Misselwitz B, Hamann GF, Scharbrodt W, Schummer DI, Oertel MF (2012). "Intracerebral hemorrhage in the very old: future demographic trends of an aging population". Stroke. 43 (4): 1126–8. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.644716. PMID 22282880.
- ↑ Falcone GJ, Biffi A, Brouwers HB, Anderson CD, Battey TW, Ayres AM; et al. (2013). "Predictors of hematoma volume in deep and lobar supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage". JAMA Neurol. 70 (8): 988–94. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.98. PMC 3808840. PMID 23733000.
- ↑ Flaherty ML, Woo D, Haverbusch M, Sekar P, Khoury J, Sauerbeck L; et al. (2005). "Racial variations in location and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage". Stroke. 36 (5): 934–7. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000160756.72109.95. PMID 15790947.
- ↑ Morgenstern LB, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Risser JM, Uchino K, Garcia N; et al. (2004). "Excess stroke in Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic Whites: the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project". Am J Epidemiol. 160 (4): 376–83. doi:10.1093/aje/kwh225. PMC 1524675. PMID 15286023.
- ↑ Dennis, Martin S., et al. "Long-term survival after first-ever stroke: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project." Stroke 24.6 (1993): 796-800.
- ↑ Kleindorfer D., Broderick J., Khoury J., et al: The unchanging incidence and case-fatality of stroke in the 1990s: a population-based study. Stroke 2006; 37: pp. 2473-2478
- ↑ Woo, Daniel, and Joseph P. Broderick. "Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: epidemiology and clinical presentation." Neurosurgery clinics of North America 13.3 (2002): 265-279.