Intracerebral hemorrhage other imaging findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Other imaging findings in diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage may include gradient echo (GRE), [[CT angiography|CT angiography (CTA)]], CT venography (CTV), MR angiography (MRA), MR venography (MRV), and actheter angiogram. | |||
==Other imaging findings== | ==Other imaging findings== | ||
===Gradient echo (GRE)=== | |||
*Gradient echo (GRE) is as sensitive as CT for detection of acute blood and are more sensitive for identification of prior hemorrhage.<ref name="pmid14739410">{{cite journal| author=Fiebach JB, Schellinger PD, Gass A, Kucinski T, Siebler M, Villringer A et al.| title=Stroke magnetic resonance imaging is accurate in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage: a multicenter study on the validity of stroke imaging. | journal=Stroke | year= 2004 | volume= 35 | issue= 2 | pages= 502-6 | pmid=14739410 | doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000114203.75678.88 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14739410 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17258669">{{cite journal| author=Chalela JA, Kidwell CS, Nentwich LM, Luby M, Butman JA, Demchuk AM et al.| title=Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in emergency assessment of patients with suspected acute stroke: a prospective comparison. | journal=Lancet | year= 2007 | volume= 369 | issue= 9558 | pages= 293-8 | pmid=17258669 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60151-2 | pmc=1859855 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17258669 }} </ref> | |||
===CTA/CTV=== | |||
*[[CT angiography|CT angiography (CTA)]] may identify patients at high risk of [[intracerebral hemorrhage|intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)]] expansion based upon the presence of contrast extravasation within the [[hematoma]].<ref name="pmid9286577">{{cite journal| author=Bartlett ST, Kuo PC, Johnson LB, Lim JW, Schweitzer EJ| title=Pancreas transplantation at the University of Maryland. | journal=Clin Transpl | year= 1996 | volume= | issue= | pages= 271-80 | pmid=9286577 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9286577 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10512902">{{cite journal| author=Becker KJ, Baxter AB, Bybee HM, Tirschwell DL, Abouelsaad T, Cohen WA| title=Extravasation of radiographic contrast is an independent predictor of death in primary intracerebral hemorrhage. | journal=Stroke | year= 1999 | volume= 30 | issue= 10 | pages= 2025-32 | pmid=10512902 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10512902 }} </ref> | |||
*CTA/CTV are reasonably sensitive at identifying secondary causes of [[hemorrhage]], including:<ref name="pmid8292380">{{cite journal| author=Mallampalli RK, Walter ME, Peterson MW, Hunninghake GW| title=Betamethasone activation of CTP:cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase in vivo is lipid dependent. | journal=Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol | year= 1994 | volume= 10 | issue= 1 | pages= 48-57 | pmid=8292380 | doi=10.1165/ajrcmb.10.1.8292380 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8292380 }} </ref> | |||
**Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) | |||
**Tumors | |||
**Moyamoya | |||
**Cerebral vein thrombosis | |||
*A [[CT venogram]] should be performed if neuroimaging suggest [[cerebral vein thrombosis] (abnormal signal in the cerebral sinuses) | |||
===MRA/MRV=== | |||
*MRA/ MRV are reasonably sensitive at identifying secondary causes of hemorrhage, including:<ref name="pmid10628478">{{cite journal| author=Yoon HK, Shin HJ, Lee M, Byun HS, Na DG, Han BK| title=MR angiography of moyamoya disease before and after encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis. | journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol | year= 2000 | volume= 174 | issue= 1 | pages= 195-200 | pmid=10628478 | doi=10.2214/ajr.174.1.1740195 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10628478 }} </ref> | |||
**Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) | |||
**Tumors | |||
**Moyamoya | |||
**Cerebral vein thrombosis | |||
*An MR venogram should be performed if neuroimaging suggest [[cerebral vein thrombosis] (abnormal signal in the cerebral sinuses). | |||
===Catheter angiogram=== | |||
A catheter angiogram may be considered if clinical suspicion is high or noninvasive studies are suggestive of an underlying lesion.<ref name=Delgado> Delgado Almandoz JE, Jagadeesan BD, Moran CJ, Cross DT 3rd, Zipfel GJ, Lee JM, Romero JM, Derdeyn CP. Independent validation of the secondary intracerebral hemorrhage score with catheter angiog- raphy and findings of emergent hematoma evacuation. Neurosurgery. 2012;70:131–140. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822fbf43.</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 03:07, 30 November 2016
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Intracerebral hemorrhage Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2015) |
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AHA/ASA Guideline Recommendation for the Primary Prevention of Stroke (2014) |
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Intracerebral hemorrhage other imaging findings On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Intracerebral hemorrhage other imaging findings |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Intracerebral hemorrhage other imaging findings |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
Other imaging findings in diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage may include gradient echo (GRE), CT angiography (CTA), CT venography (CTV), MR angiography (MRA), MR venography (MRV), and actheter angiogram.
Other imaging findings
Gradient echo (GRE)
- Gradient echo (GRE) is as sensitive as CT for detection of acute blood and are more sensitive for identification of prior hemorrhage.[1][2]
CTA/CTV
- CT angiography (CTA) may identify patients at high risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion based upon the presence of contrast extravasation within the hematoma.[3][4]
- CTA/CTV are reasonably sensitive at identifying secondary causes of hemorrhage, including:[5]
- Arteriovenous malformations (AVM)
- Tumors
- Moyamoya
- Cerebral vein thrombosis
- A CT venogram should be performed if neuroimaging suggest [[cerebral vein thrombosis] (abnormal signal in the cerebral sinuses)
MRA/MRV
- MRA/ MRV are reasonably sensitive at identifying secondary causes of hemorrhage, including:[6]
- Arteriovenous malformations (AVM)
- Tumors
- Moyamoya
- Cerebral vein thrombosis
- An MR venogram should be performed if neuroimaging suggest [[cerebral vein thrombosis] (abnormal signal in the cerebral sinuses).
Catheter angiogram
A catheter angiogram may be considered if clinical suspicion is high or noninvasive studies are suggestive of an underlying lesion.[7]
References
- ↑ Fiebach JB, Schellinger PD, Gass A, Kucinski T, Siebler M, Villringer A; et al. (2004). "Stroke magnetic resonance imaging is accurate in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage: a multicenter study on the validity of stroke imaging". Stroke. 35 (2): 502–6. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000114203.75678.88. PMID 14739410.
- ↑ Chalela JA, Kidwell CS, Nentwich LM, Luby M, Butman JA, Demchuk AM; et al. (2007). "Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in emergency assessment of patients with suspected acute stroke: a prospective comparison". Lancet. 369 (9558): 293–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60151-2. PMC 1859855. PMID 17258669.
- ↑ Bartlett ST, Kuo PC, Johnson LB, Lim JW, Schweitzer EJ (1996). "Pancreas transplantation at the University of Maryland". Clin Transpl: 271–80. PMID 9286577.
- ↑ Becker KJ, Baxter AB, Bybee HM, Tirschwell DL, Abouelsaad T, Cohen WA (1999). "Extravasation of radiographic contrast is an independent predictor of death in primary intracerebral hemorrhage". Stroke. 30 (10): 2025–32. PMID 10512902.
- ↑ Mallampalli RK, Walter ME, Peterson MW, Hunninghake GW (1994). "Betamethasone activation of CTP:cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase in vivo is lipid dependent". Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 10 (1): 48–57. doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.10.1.8292380. PMID 8292380.
- ↑ Yoon HK, Shin HJ, Lee M, Byun HS, Na DG, Han BK (2000). "MR angiography of moyamoya disease before and after encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174 (1): 195–200. doi:10.2214/ajr.174.1.1740195. PMID 10628478.
- ↑ Delgado Almandoz JE, Jagadeesan BD, Moran CJ, Cross DT 3rd, Zipfel GJ, Lee JM, Romero JM, Derdeyn CP. Independent validation of the secondary intracerebral hemorrhage score with catheter angiog- raphy and findings of emergent hematoma evacuation. Neurosurgery. 2012;70:131–140. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822fbf43.