Subarachnoid hemorrhage causes: Difference between revisions
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Subarachnoid hemorrhages may be caused by trauma or may occur spontaneously. | Subarachnoid hemorrhages may be caused by trauma or may occur spontaneously. | ||
Common causes of subarachnoid hemorrhages include:<ref name="pmid14087271">{{cite journal| author=STEHBENS WE| title=ANEURYSMS AND ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERIES. | journal=Arch Pathol | year= 1963 | volume= 75 | issue= | pages= 45-64 | pmid=14087271 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14087271 }} </ref><ref name="pmid7681275">{{cite journal| author=Austin G, Fisher S, Dickson D, Anderson D, Richardson S| title=The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms. | journal=Ann Clin Lab Sci | year= 1993 | volume= 23 | issue= 2 | pages= 97-105 | pmid=7681275 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7681275 }} </ref><ref name="pmid2675363">{{cite journal| author=Schievink WI, Karemaker JM, Hageman LM, van der Werf DJ| title=Circumstances surrounding aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. | journal=Surg Neurol | year= 1989 | volume= 32 | issue= 4 | pages= 266-72 | pmid=2675363 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2675363 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1774755">{{cite journal| author=Patel RL, Richards P, Chambers DJ, Venn G| title=Infective endocarditis complicated by ruptured cerebral mycotic aneurysm. | journal=J R Soc Med | year= 1991 | volume= 84 | issue= 12 | pages= 746-7 | pmid=1774755 | doi= | pmc=1295527 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1774755 }} </ref><ref name="pmid14087271">{{cite journal| author=STEHBENS WE| title=ANEURYSMS AND ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERIES. | journal=Arch Pathol | year= 1963 | volume= 75 | issue= | pages= 45-64 | pmid=14087271 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14087271 }} </ref><ref name="pmid11117973">{{cite journal| author=Kernan WN, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Broderick JP, Brott T, Feldmann E et al.| title=c and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2000 | volume= 343 | issue= 25 | pages= 1826-32 | pmid=11117973 | doi=10.1056/NEJM200012213432501 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11117973 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1866000">{{cite journal| author=Levine SR, Brust JC, Futrell N, Brass LM, Blake D, Fayad P et al.| title=A comparative study of the cerebrovascular complications of cocaine: alkaloidal versus hydrochloride--a review. | journal=Neurology | year= 1991 | volume= 41 | issue= 8 | pages= 1173-7 | pmid=1866000 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1866000 | Common causes of subarachnoid hemorrhages include:<ref name="pmid14087271">{{cite journal| author=STEHBENS WE| title=ANEURYSMS AND ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERIES. | journal=Arch Pathol | year= 1963 | volume= 75 | issue= | pages= 45-64 | pmid=14087271 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14087271 }} </ref><ref name="pmid7681275">{{cite journal| author=Austin G, Fisher S, Dickson D, Anderson D, Richardson S| title=The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms. | journal=Ann Clin Lab Sci | year= 1993 | volume= 23 | issue= 2 | pages= 97-105 | pmid=7681275 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7681275 }} </ref><ref name="pmid2675363">{{cite journal| author=Schievink WI, Karemaker JM, Hageman LM, van der Werf DJ| title=Circumstances surrounding aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. | journal=Surg Neurol | year= 1989 | volume= 32 | issue= 4 | pages= 266-72 | pmid=2675363 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2675363 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1774755">{{cite journal| author=Patel RL, Richards P, Chambers DJ, Venn G| title=Infective endocarditis complicated by ruptured cerebral mycotic aneurysm. | journal=J R Soc Med | year= 1991 | volume= 84 | issue= 12 | pages= 746-7 | pmid=1774755 | doi= | pmc=1295527 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1774755 }} </ref><ref name="pmid14087271">{{cite journal| author=STEHBENS WE| title=ANEURYSMS AND ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERIES. | journal=Arch Pathol | year= 1963 | volume= 75 | issue= | pages= 45-64 | pmid=14087271 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14087271 }} </ref><ref name="pmid11117973">{{cite journal| author=Kernan WN, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Broderick JP, Brott T, Feldmann E et al.| title=c and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2000 | volume= 343 | issue= 25 | pages= 1826-32 | pmid=11117973 | doi=10.1056/NEJM200012213432501 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11117973 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1866000">{{cite journal| author=Levine SR, Brust JC, Futrell N, Brass LM, Blake D, Fayad P et al.| title=A comparative study of the cerebrovascular complications of cocaine: alkaloidal versus hydrochloride--a review. | journal=Neurology | year= 1991 | volume= 41 | issue= 8 | pages= 1173-7 | pmid=1866000 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1866000 }} </ref> | ||
=== Trauma === | === Trauma === | ||
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==== Illicit drug use ==== | ==== Illicit drug use ==== | ||
*[[Cocaine]] | *[[Cocaine]] | ||
*[[Amphetamines | *[[Amphetamines]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 14:44, 7 December 2016
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Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012)
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Case Studies |
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Subarachnoid hemorrhage causes |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Subarachnoid hemorrhage causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Overview
Spontaneous SAH is most often due to rupture of cerebral aneurysms (85%), which are weaknesses in the wall of the arteries of the brain that enlarge. While most cases of SAH are due to bleeding from small aneurysms, there is evidence from research that larger aneurysms (which are rarer) are still more likely to rupture. A further 10% of cases is due to non-aneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage, in which the blood is limited to the area of the midbrain. No aneurysms are generally found. The remaining 5% are due to vasculitic damage to arteries, other disorders affecting the vessels, disorders of the spinal cord blood vessels, and bleeding into various tumors.
Causes
Subarachnoid hemorrhages may be caused by trauma or may occur spontaneously.
Common causes of subarachnoid hemorrhages include:[1][2][3][4][1][5][6]
Trauma
Head trauma following accident or a fall
Spontaneous
Rupture of an aneurysm
- Saccular aneurysms (most common cause)
- Fusiform aneurysms
- Mycotic aneurysms
Vascular malformation
- Arteriovenous malformation
- Dural arteriovenous fistula
- Perimesencephalic
- Intracranial arterial dissection
- Amyloid angiopathy
Bleeding diatheses
Illicit drug use
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 STEHBENS WE (1963). "ANEURYSMS AND ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERIES". Arch Pathol. 75: 45–64. PMID 14087271.
- ↑ Austin G, Fisher S, Dickson D, Anderson D, Richardson S (1993). "The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms". Ann Clin Lab Sci. 23 (2): 97–105. PMID 7681275.
- ↑ Schievink WI, Karemaker JM, Hageman LM, van der Werf DJ (1989). "Circumstances surrounding aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage". Surg Neurol. 32 (4): 266–72. PMID 2675363.
- ↑ Patel RL, Richards P, Chambers DJ, Venn G (1991). "Infective endocarditis complicated by ruptured cerebral mycotic aneurysm". J R Soc Med. 84 (12): 746–7. PMC 1295527. PMID 1774755.
- ↑ Kernan WN, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Broderick JP, Brott T, Feldmann E; et al. (2000). "c and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke". N Engl J Med. 343 (25): 1826–32. doi:10.1056/NEJM200012213432501. PMID 11117973.
- ↑ Levine SR, Brust JC, Futrell N, Brass LM, Blake D, Fayad P; et al. (1991). "A comparative study of the cerebrovascular complications of cocaine: alkaloidal versus hydrochloride--a review". Neurology. 41 (8): 1173–7. PMID 1866000.