Epididymoorchitis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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*Prolonged periods of inactivity and sitting | *Prolonged periods of inactivity and sitting | ||
*Recent [[urinary tract]] surgery or instrumentation, such as [[cystoscopy]] and [[bladder]] [[catheterization]]<ref name="pmid21490048">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stewart A, Ubee SS, Davies H |title=Epididymo-orchitis |journal=BMJ |volume=342 |issue= |pages=d1543 |year=2011 |pmid=21490048 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Recent [[urinary tract]] surgery or instrumentation, such as [[cystoscopy]] and [[bladder]] [[catheterization]]<ref name="pmid21490048">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stewart A, Ubee SS, Davies H |title=Epididymo-orchitis |journal=BMJ |volume=342 |issue= |pages=d1543 |year=2011 |pmid=21490048 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*[[Anatomic]] abnormalities of the [[urinary tract]], such as [[prostatic]] obstruction in older men (e.g., [[benign prostatic hyperplasia]] ([[BPH]]), [[Prostate cancer|prostatic cancer]], [[Urethral stricture|urethral strictures]]) and [[posterior urethral valves]] or [[meatal stenosis]] in young, prepubertal boys | *[[Anatomic]] abnormalities of the [[urinary tract]], such as [[prostatic]] obstruction in older men (e.g., [[benign prostatic hyperplasia]] ([[BPH]]), [[Prostate cancer|prostatic cancer]], [[Urethral stricture|urethral strictures]])<ref name="pmid18061028">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tracy CR, Steers WD, Costabile R |title=Diagnosis and management of epididymitis |journal=Urol. Clin. North Am. |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=101–8; vii |year=2008 |pmid=18061028 |doi=10.1016/j.ucl.2007.09.013 |url=}}</ref> and [[posterior urethral valves]] or [[meatal stenosis]] in young, prepubertal boys | ||
*[[Mumps]] [[infection]] is a risk factor for isolated [[mumps]] orchitis [[infection]] | *[[Mumps]] [[infection]] is a risk factor for isolated [[mumps]] orchitis [[infection]] | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]
Overview
Risk Factors
Risk factors for epididymoorchitis include:[1]
- Sexual activity and infection with sexually transmitted diseases, such as C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhea
- HIV is a risk factor to epididymoorchitis infections caused by viruses and fungi
- Strenuous physical activity
- Riding motorcycles/bicycles
- Prolonged periods of inactivity and sitting
- Recent urinary tract surgery or instrumentation, such as cystoscopy and bladder catheterization[2]
- Anatomic abnormalities of the urinary tract, such as prostatic obstruction in older men (e.g., benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatic cancer, urethral strictures)[3] and posterior urethral valves or meatal stenosis in young, prepubertal boys
- Mumps infection is a risk factor for isolated mumps orchitis infection
References
- ↑ Trojian TH, Lishnak TS, Heiman D (2009). "Epididymitis and orchitis: an overview". Am Fam Physician. 79 (7): 583–7. PMID 19378875.
- ↑ Stewart A, Ubee SS, Davies H (2011). "Epididymo-orchitis". BMJ. 342: d1543. PMID 21490048.
- ↑ Tracy CR, Steers WD, Costabile R (2008). "Diagnosis and management of epididymitis". Urol. Clin. North Am. 35 (1): 101–8, vii. doi:10.1016/j.ucl.2007.09.013. PMID 18061028.