Peritonitis history and symptoms

Peritonitis Main Page
Patient Information
Overview
Causes
Classification Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Secondary Peritonitis
Differential Diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shivani Chaparala M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

The main manifestations of peritonitis are acute abdominal pain, tenderness, and guarding, which are exacerbated by moving the peritoneum, e.g. coughing, flexing the hips, or eliciting the Blumberg sign (a.k.a. rebound tenderness, meaning that pressing a hand on the abdomen elicits pain, but releasing the hand abruptly will aggravate the pain, as the peritoneum snaps back into place).

Abdominal pain and tenderness: The localization of these manifestations depends on whether peritonitis is localized (e.g. appendicitis or diverticulitis before perforation), or generalized to the whole abdomen; even in the latter case, pain typically starts at the site of the causing disease. Peritonitis is an example of acute abdomen.

History and Symptoms

• Diffuse abdominal rigidity ("washboard abdomen") is often present, especially in generalized peritonitis
• Fever
• Sinus tachycardia
• Development of ileus paralyticus (i.e. intestinal paralysis), which also causes nausea and vomiting

Common symptoms of SBP

• The classical symptoms of SBP include fever, abdominal pain, and worsening of pre-existing ascites, although these symptoms may be absent in up to one-third of cases.