Sandbox:UT: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older editNewer edit →
VisualWikitext
Usama Talib (talk | contribs)
Bureaucrats, bureaucrats, editnews, nocaptcha, nukepages, smwadministrator, Administrators, Widget editors
10,013 edits
Usama Talib (talk | contribs)
Bureaucrats, bureaucrats, editnews, nocaptcha, nukepages, smwadministrator, Administrators, Widget editors
10,013 edits
No edit summary
Line 4: Line 4:




=References for lab findings=
Table for D/D of cystitis
{|
|-style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! rowspan="2" |<small>Diseases</small>
! colspan="4" |<small>Diagnostic tests</small>
! colspan="5" |<small>Physical Examination</small>
! colspan="3" |<small>Symptoms
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" |<small>Past medical history</small>
! rowspan="2" |<small>Other Findings</small>
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!<small>Na+, K+, Ca2+</small>
!<small>CT /MRI</small>
!<small>CSF Findings</small>
!<small>Gold standard test</small>
!<small>Neck stiffness</small>
!<small>Motor or Sensory deficit</small>
!<small>Papilledema</small>
!<small>Bulging fontanelle</small>
!<small>Cranial nerves</small>
!<small>Headache</small>
!<small>Fever</small>
!<small>Altered mental status</small>
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | Brain tumour<ref name="pmid1278192">Soffer D (1976) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1278192 Brain tumors simulating purulent meningitis.] ''Eur Neurol'' 14 (3):192-7. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/1278192 1278192]</ref><ref name="pmid3883130" />
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px text-align:center" |Cancer cells<ref name="pmid21371327">{{cite journal| author=Weston CL, Glantz MJ, Connor JR| title=Detection of cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid: current methods and future directions. | journal=Fluids Barriers CNS | year= 2011 | volume= 8 | issue= 1 | pages= 14 | pmid=21371327 | doi=10.1186/2045-8118-8-14 | pmc=3059292 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21371327  }}</ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |MRI
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |     
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |      ✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Cachexia]], gradual progression of symptoms
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Delerium Tremens
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Clinical diagnosis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |      ✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" | ✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Alcohal intake, sudden witdrawl or reduction in consumption
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Tachycardia, diaphoresis, hypertension, tremors, mydriasis, positional nystagmus, tachypnea
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | Subarachnoid  hemorrhage<ref name="pmid14585453">Yeh ST, Lee WJ, Lin HJ, Chen CY, Te AL, Lin HJ (2003) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14585453 Nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to tuberculous meningitis: report of two cases.] ''J Emerg Med'' 25 (3):265-70. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/14585453 14585453]</ref>


<ref name="pmid16672684">{{cite journal| author=Pejic RN, Lee DT| title=Hypertriglyceridemia. | journal=J Am Board Fam Med | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 3 | pages= 310-6 | pmid=16672684 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16672684 }} </ref>  
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Xanthochromia<ref name="pmid1198628">{{cite journal| author=Lee MC, Heaney LM, Jacobson RL, Klassen AC| title=Cerebrospinal fluid in cerebral hemorrhage and infarction. | journal=Stroke | year= 1975 | volume= 6 | issue= 6 | pages= 638-41 | pmid=1198628 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1198628  }}</ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |CT scan  without contrast<ref name="pmid21694755">{{cite journal| author=Birenbaum D, Bancroft LW, Felsberg GJ| title=Imaging in acute stroke. | journal=West J Emerg Med | year= 2011 | volume= 12 | issue= 1 | pages= 67-76 | pmid=21694755 | doi= | pmc=3088377 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21694755  }}</ref><ref name="pmid21807345">{{cite journal| author=DeLaPaz RL, Wippold FJ, Cornelius RS, Amin-Hanjani S, Angtuaco EJ, Broderick DF et al.| title=ACR Appropriateness Criteria® on cerebrovascular disease. | journal=J Am Coll Radiol | year= 2011 | volume= 8 | issue= 8 | pages= 532-8 | pmid=21807345 | doi=10.1016/j.jacr.2011.05.010 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21807345  }}</ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |    ✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Trauma/fall
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Confusion, dizziness, nausea, vomiting
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | Stroke
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"| Normal
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"| CT scan  without contrast
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|TIAs, hypertension, diabetes mellitus
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center"|Speech difficulty, gait abnormality
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Neurosyphilis<ref name="pmid22482824">{{cite journal| author=Liu LL, Zheng WH, Tong ML, Liu GL, Zhang HL, Fu ZG et al.| title=Ischemic stroke as a primary symptom of neurosyphilis among HIV-negative emergency patients. | journal=J Neurol Sci | year= 2012 | volume= 317 | issue= 1-2 | pages= 35-9 | pmid=22482824 | doi=10.1016/j.jns.2012.03.003 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22482824  }} </ref><ref name="pmid24365430">{{cite journal |vauthors=Berger JR, Dean D |title=Neurosyphilis |journal=Handb Clin Neurol |volume=121 |issue= |pages=1461–72 |year=2014 |pmid=24365430 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-7020-4088-7.00098-5 |url=}}</ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |'''↑''' [[Leukocytes]] and [[protein]]
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |CSF [[VDRL]]-specifc
CSF FTA-Ab -sensitive<ref name="pmid22421697">{{cite journal| author=Ho EL, Marra CM| title=Treponemal tests for neurosyphilis--less accurate than what we thought? | journal=Sex Transm Dis | year= 2012 | volume= 39 | issue= 4 | pages= 298-9 | pmid=22421697 | doi=10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31824ee574 | pmc=3746559 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22421697 }}</ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Unprotected sexual intercourse, STIs
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Blindness, confusion, [[depression]],


<ref name="pmid27453965">{{cite journal| author=Sandoval-Sus JD, Zhang L| title=Familial hypertriglyceridemia manifests with pancytopenia and bone marrow pseudo–Niemann-Pick cells. | journal=Blood | year= 2016 | volume= 127 | issue= 6 | pages= 787 | pmid=27453965 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27453965  }} </ref>
Abnormal [[gait]]
 
|-
<ref name="pmid24747307">{{cite journal| author=Bordugo A, Carlin E, Demarini S, Faletra F, Colonna F| title=A neonate with a 'milky' blood. What can it be? | journal=Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed | year= 2014 | volume= 99 | issue= 6 | pages= F514 | pmid=24747307 | doi=10.1136/archdischild-2014-305940 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24747307  }} </ref>
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Viral encephalitis
 
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
 
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
<ref name="pmid20301784">{{cite book |last1=Raas-Rothschild|first1=A |last2=Spiegel |first2= R|date=1993-2016 |title=Mucolipidosis III Gamma |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK24701/ |format=internet |location=University of Washington, Seattle |publisher=GeneReviews |issn=2372-0697|archive-date=July 2010  }}</ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Increased RBCS or xanthochromia, mononuclear lymphocytosis, high protein content, normal glucose
 
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Clinical assesment
=Hypertriglyecridemia/Secondary Hypertriglyceridemia=
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
==Classification==
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
*As primary or secondary to another cause that can be [[obesity]], [[diabetes type 2]] or excessive alcohol consumption<ref name="pmid17420495">{{cite journal| author=Yuan G, Al-Shali KZ, Hegele RA| title=Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment. | journal=CMAJ | year= 2007 | volume= 176 | issue= 8 | pages= 1113-20 | pmid=17420495 | doi=10.1503/cmaj.060963 | pmc=1839776 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17420495  }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
 
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
==Causes==
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |    ✔
===Secondary Hypertriglyceridemia===
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
* A diet high in carbohydrate content <ref name="pmid3330460">{{cite journal| author=Silva ME, Pupo AA, Ursich MJ| title=Effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels in normal and obese subjects and in obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. | journal=Braz J Med Biol Res | year= 1987 | volume= 20 | issue= 3-4 | pages= 339-50 | pmid=3330460 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3330460  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid15504577">{{cite journal| author=McCarty MF| title=An elevation of triglycerides reflecting decreased triglyceride clearance may not be pathogenic -- relevance to high-carbohydrate diets. | journal=Med Hypotheses | year= 2004 | volume= 63 | issue= 6 | pages= 1065-73 | pmid=15504577 | doi=10.1016/j.mehy.2002.11.002 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15504577  }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
* A diet high in fat content <ref name="pmid16672684">{{cite journal| author=Pejic RN, Lee DT| title=Hypertriglyceridemia. | journal=J Am Board Fam Med | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 3 | pages= 310-6 | pmid=16672684 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16672684  }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
* Idiopathic
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Tick bite/mosquito bite/ viral prodome for several days
* [[Obesity]] <ref name="pmid17420495">{{cite journal| author=Yuan G, Al-Shali KZ, Hegele RA| title=Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment. | journal=CMAJ | year= 2007 | volume= 176 | issue= 8 | pages= 1113-20 | pmid=17420495 | doi=10.1503/cmaj.060963 | pmc=1839776 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17420495  }} </ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Extreme lethargy, rash hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, behavioural changes
* Diabetes mellitus<ref name="pmid17420495">{{cite journal| author=Yuan G, Al-Shali KZ, Hegele RA| title=Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment. | journal=CMAJ | year= 2007 | volume= 176 | issue= 8 | pages= 1113-20 | pmid=17420495 | doi=10.1503/cmaj.060963 | pmc=1839776 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17420495  }} </ref>
|-
* [[Metabolic Syndrome]] <ref name="pmid11790215">{{cite journal| author=Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH| title=Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. | journal=JAMA | year= 2002 | volume= 287 | issue= 3 | pages= 356-9 | pmid=11790215 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11790215  }} </ref>
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Herpes simplex encephalitis
* Paraproteinemic disorders
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Alcohol use <ref name="pmid17420495">{{cite journal| author=Yuan G, Al-Shali KZ, Hegele RA| title=Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment. | journal=CMAJ | year= 2007 | volume= 176 | issue= 8 | pages= 1113-20 | pmid=17420495 | doi=10.1503/cmaj.060963 | pmc=1839776 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17420495  }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
* Estrogen therapy <ref name="pmid16672684">{{cite journal| author=Pejic RN, Lee DT| title=Hypertriglyceridemia. | journal=J Am Board Fam Med | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 3 | pages= 310-6 | pmid=16672684 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16672684  }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Use of [[glucocorticoids]] <ref name="pmid16672684">{{cite journal| author=Pejic RN, Lee DT| title=Hypertriglyceridemia. | journal=J Am Board Fam Med | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 3 | pages= 310-6 | pmid=16672684 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16672684  }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Clinical assesment
* Medications like [[Zoloft]], [[isotretinoin]], some [[antihypertensive]] agents(e.g [[thiazides]]), [[tamoxifen]] <ref name="pmid16672684">{{cite journal| author=Pejic RN, Lee DT| title=Hypertriglyceridemia. | journal=J Am Board Fam Med | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 3 | pages= 310-6 | pmid=16672684 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16672684 }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Nephrotic syndrome <ref name="pmid2002630">{{cite journal| author=Appel G| title=Lipid abnormalities in renal disease. | journal=Kidney Int | year= 1991 | volume= 39 | issue= 1 | pages= 169-83 | pmid=2002630 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2002630  }} </ref>
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
*hypothyroidism
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |History of hypertension
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Delirium, cortical blindness, cerebral edema, seizure
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Wernicke’s encephalopathy
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |History of alcohal abuse
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Ophthalmoplegia, confusion
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |CNS abscess
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |'''↑''' leukocytes >100,000/ul, '''↓''' glucose and '''↑''' protien, '''↑''' red blood cells, lactic acid >500mg
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Contrast enhanced MRI is more sensitive and specific,
Histopathological examination of brain tissue
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |History of drug abuse, endocarditis, '''↓''' immune status
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |High grade fever, fatigue,nausea, vomiting
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Drug toxicity
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Lithium, Sedatives, phenytoin, carbamazepine
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Conversion disorder
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Diagnosis of exclusion
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" | ✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Tremor|Tremors]], [[blindness]], difficulty [[swallowing]]
|-
|style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Electrolyte disturbance
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |'''↓''' or '''↑'''
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Depends on the cause
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Confusion, seizures
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Febrile seizures
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |Not performed in first simple febrile seizures
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Clinical diagnosis and EEG
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |   ✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Family history of febrile seizures, viral illness or gastroenteritis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Age > 1 month,  
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Subdural empyema
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Clinical assesment and [[MRI]]  
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |History of relapses and remissions
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Blurry vision, [[urinary incontinence]], [[fatigue]]
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Hypoglycemia
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |↓ or '''↑'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Serum blood [[Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase|glucose]]
[[HbA1c]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;text-align:center" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" | ✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align:center" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |✔
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |History of [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetes]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Palpitation|Palpitations]], sweating, [[dizziness]], low serum, glucose
|}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 15:41, 13 January 2017


Raas-Rothschild A, Spiegel R (2010 Jan 28). "Mucolipidosis III Gamma". GeneReviews®. PMID 20301784. Check date values in: |access-date=, |date= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)


Table for D/D of cystitis

Diseases Diagnostic tests Physical Examination Symptoms Past medical history Other Findings
Na+, K+, Ca2+ CT /MRI CSF Findings Gold standard test Neck stiffness Motor or Sensory deficit Papilledema Bulging fontanelle Cranial nerves Headache Fever Altered mental status
Brain tumour[1][2] ✔ Cancer cells[3] MRI ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Cachexia, gradual progression of symptoms
Delerium Tremens ✔ Clinical diagnosis ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Alcohal intake, sudden witdrawl or reduction in consumption Tachycardia, diaphoresis, hypertension, tremors, mydriasis, positional nystagmus, tachypnea
Subarachnoid hemorrhage[4] ✔ Xanthochromia[5] CT scan without contrast[6][7] ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Trauma/fall Confusion, dizziness, nausea, vomiting
Stroke ✔ Normal CT scan without contrast ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ TIAs, hypertension, diabetes mellitus Speech difficulty, gait abnormality
Neurosyphilis[8][9] ✔ ↑ Leukocytes and protein CSF VDRL-specifc

CSF FTA-Ab -sensitive[10]

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Unprotected sexual intercourse, STIs Blindness, confusion, depression,

Abnormal gait

Viral encephalitis ✔ Increased RBCS or xanthochromia, mononuclear lymphocytosis, high protein content, normal glucose Clinical assesment ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Tick bite/mosquito bite/ viral prodome for several days Extreme lethargy, rash hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, behavioural changes
Herpes simplex encephalitis ✔ Clinical assesment ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ History of hypertension Delirium, cortical blindness, cerebral edema, seizure
Wernicke’s encephalopathy Normal ✔ ✔ ✔ History of alcohal abuse Ophthalmoplegia, confusion
CNS abscess ✔ ↑ leukocytes >100,000/ul, ↓ glucose and ↑ protien, ↑ red blood cells, lactic acid >500mg Contrast enhanced MRI is more sensitive and specific,

Histopathological examination of brain tissue

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ History of drug abuse, endocarditis, ↓ immune status High grade fever, fatigue,nausea, vomiting
Drug toxicity ✔ ✔ Lithium, Sedatives, phenytoin, carbamazepine
Conversion disorder Diagnosis of exclusion ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Tremors, blindness, difficulty swallowing
Electrolyte disturbance ↓ or ↑ Depends on the cause ✔ ✔ Confusion, seizures
Febrile seizures Not performed in first simple febrile seizures Clinical diagnosis and EEG ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Family history of febrile seizures, viral illness or gastroenteritis Age > 1 month,
Subdural empyema ✔ Clinical assesment and MRI ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ History of relapses and remissions Blurry vision, urinary incontinence, fatigue
Hypoglycemia ↓ or ↑ Serum blood glucose

HbA1c

✔ ✔ ✔ History of diabetes Palpitations, sweating, dizziness, low serum, glucose

References

  1. ↑ Soffer D (1976) Brain tumors simulating purulent meningitis. Eur Neurol 14 (3):192-7. PMID: 1278192
  2. ↑ Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named pmid3883130
  3. ↑ Weston CL, Glantz MJ, Connor JR (2011). "Detection of cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid: current methods and future directions". Fluids Barriers CNS. 8 (1): 14. doi:10.1186/2045-8118-8-14. PMC 3059292. PMID 21371327.
  4. ↑ Yeh ST, Lee WJ, Lin HJ, Chen CY, Te AL, Lin HJ (2003) Nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to tuberculous meningitis: report of two cases. J Emerg Med 25 (3):265-70. PMID: 14585453
  5. ↑ Lee MC, Heaney LM, Jacobson RL, Klassen AC (1975). "Cerebrospinal fluid in cerebral hemorrhage and infarction". Stroke. 6 (6): 638–41. PMID 1198628.
  6. ↑ Birenbaum D, Bancroft LW, Felsberg GJ (2011). "Imaging in acute stroke". West J Emerg Med. 12 (1): 67–76. PMC 3088377. PMID 21694755.
  7. ↑ DeLaPaz RL, Wippold FJ, Cornelius RS, Amin-Hanjani S, Angtuaco EJ, Broderick DF; et al. (2011). "ACR Appropriateness Criteria® on cerebrovascular disease". J Am Coll Radiol. 8 (8): 532–8. doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2011.05.010. PMID 21807345.
  8. ↑ Liu LL, Zheng WH, Tong ML, Liu GL, Zhang HL, Fu ZG; et al. (2012). "Ischemic stroke as a primary symptom of neurosyphilis among HIV-negative emergency patients". J Neurol Sci. 317 (1–2): 35–9. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.03.003. PMID 22482824.
  9. ↑ Berger JR, Dean D (2014). "Neurosyphilis". Handb Clin Neurol. 121: 1461–72. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-4088-7.00098-5. PMID 24365430.
  10. ↑ Ho EL, Marra CM (2012). "Treponemal tests for neurosyphilis--less accurate than what we thought?". Sex Transm Dis. 39 (4): 298–9. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31824ee574. PMC 3746559. PMID 22421697.
Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Sandbox:UT&oldid=1282816"