Epiglottitis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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*[[Retropharyngeal abscess|Retropharyngeal or peritonsilar abscesses]] | *[[Retropharyngeal abscess|Retropharyngeal or peritonsilar abscesses]] | ||
*[[Bacterial tracheitis]] | *[[Bacterial tracheitis]] | ||
Some simialrities and differences between these differentials are shown below:<ref name="pmid26818155">{{cite journal| author=Hansen M, Meckler G, Lambert W, Dickinson C, Dickinson K, Guise JM| title=Paramedic assessment and treatment of upper airway obstruction in pediatric patients: an exploratory analysis by the Children's Safety Initiative-Emergency Medical Services. | journal=Am J Emerg Med | year= 2016 | volume= 34 | issue= 3 | pages= 599-601 | pmid=26818155 | doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.082 | pmc=4799729 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26818155 }}</ref> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Variable | !Variable | ||
Revision as of 20:47, 19 January 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Prince Tano Djan, BSc, MBChB [2]
Overview
Differentiating Epiglottitis from other Diseases
Epiglottitis must be differentiated from other respiratory diseases and conditions that may cause throat pain and airway obstruction:[1][2]
- Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
- Foreign body obstruction
- Subglottic stenosis
- Pharyngitis
- Tonsilitis
- Angioedema
- Uvulitis
- Retropharyngeal or peritonsilar abscesses
- Bacterial tracheitis
Some simialrities and differences between these differentials are shown below:[3]
| Variable | Croup | Epiglottitis | Pharyngitis | Bacterial tracheitis | Tonsilitis | Retropharyngeal abscess | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presentation | Cough | ✔ | — | sore throat, pain on swallowing, fever, headache, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting | barking cough, stridor, | sore throat, pain on swallowing, fever, headache, cough | neck pain, stiff neck, torticollis |
| Stridor | ✔ | ✔ | |||||
| Drooling | — | ✔ | |||||
| Other symptoms include difficulty breathing, fever, chills, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness of voice | |||||||
| Causes | Parainfluenza virus | ||||||
| Physical exams findings | Suprasternal and intercostal indrawing,[4] Inspiratory stridor[5], expiratory wheezing,[5] Sternal wall retractions[6] | Cyanosis, Cervical lymphadenopathy, Inflammed epiglottis | and may have enlarged | ||||
| Age commonly affected | Mainly 6 months and 3 years old
rarely, adolescents and adults |
Used to be mostly found in
pediatric age group between 3 to 5 years, however, recent trend favors adults as most commonly affected individuals[7] with a mean age of 44.94 years. |
Mostly in children and young adults,
with 50% of cases identified between the ages of 5 to 24 years.[8] |
Primarily affects children
between 5 and 15 years old.[9] |
|||
| Imaging finding | Steeple sign on neck X-ray | Thumb print sign on neck x-ray | |||||
| Treatment | |||||||
References
- ↑ Everard ML (2009). "Acute bronchiolitis and croup". Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 56 (1): 119–33, x–xi. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2008.10.007. PMID 19135584.
- ↑ Cherry JD (2008). "Clinical practice. Croup". N. Engl. J. Med. 358 (4): 384–91. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp072022. PMID 18216359.
- ↑ Hansen M, Meckler G, Lambert W, Dickinson C, Dickinson K, Guise JM (2016). "Paramedic assessment and treatment of upper airway obstruction in pediatric patients: an exploratory analysis by the Children's Safety Initiative-Emergency Medical Services". Am J Emerg Med. 34 (3): 599–601. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.082. PMC 4799729. PMID 26818155.
- ↑ Johnson D (2009). "Croup". BMJ Clin Evid. 2009. PMC 2907784. PMID 19445760.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Cherry, James D. (2008). "Croup". New England Journal of Medicine. 358 (4): 384–391. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp072022. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Johnson D (2009). "Croup". BMJ Clin Evid. 2009. PMC 2907784. PMID 19445760.
- ↑ Lichtor JL, Roche Rodriguez M, Aaronson NL, Spock T, Goodman TR, Baum ED (2016). "Epiglottitis: It Hasn't Gone Away". Anesthesiology. 124 (6): 1404–7. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001125. PMID 27031010.
- ↑ Bennett, John (2015). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1455748013.
- ↑ Sharav, Yair; Benoliel, Rafael (2008). Orofacial Pain and Headache. Elsevier. ISBN 0723434123.