Fungal meningitis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Fungal meningitis rarely occurs in otherwise healthy individuals. Co-existing medical conditions, immunosuppression and travel history to areas where specific fungi are endemic are risk factors for | [[Fungal meningitis]] rarely occurs in otherwise healthy individuals. Co-existing medical conditions, [[immunosuppression]] and travel history to areas where specific [[fungi]] are endemic are risk factors for [[Fungal meningitis]] | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*''[[Aspergillus sp.]]'' | *''[[Aspergillus sp.]]'' | ||
**Sinusitis | **[[Sinusitis]] | ||
**Granulocytopenia | **[[Granulocytopenia]] | ||
**Immunosuppression | **[[Immunosuppression]] | ||
*''[[Blastomyces dermatitidis]]'' | *''[[Blastomyces dermatitidis]]'' | ||
**Travel to or residence in midwestern and southeastern USA | **Travel to or residence in midwestern and southeastern USA | ||
**Systemic infection | **[[Systemic infection]] | ||
**Abscesses | **[[Abscesses]] | ||
**Draining sinus | **Draining sinus | ||
**Ulcers | **[[Ulcers]] | ||
*''[[Coccidioides immitis]]'' | *''[[Coccidioides immitis]]'' | ||
**Exposure history | **Exposure history | ||
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**Dark-skinned races | **Dark-skinned races | ||
*''[[Candida sp.]]'' | *''[[Candida sp.]]'' | ||
**IV drug abuse | **[[IV drug abusers|IV drug abuse]] | ||
**Post surgery | **Post surgery | ||
**Prolonged intravenous therapy | **Prolonged [[intravenous]] therapy | ||
**Disseminated candidiasis | **Disseminated candidiasis | ||
*''[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]'' | *''[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]'' | ||
**AIDS and | **[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus|Human immunodeficiency virus]] ([[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]]) / [[acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]] ([[AIDS]]) | ||
**Immune suppression examples systemic neoplasia and organ transplantation | |||
**Pigeon exposure | **Pigeon exposure | ||
**Skin and other organ involvement due to disseminated infection | **Skin and other organ involvement due to disseminated infection | ||
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**Exposure history | **Exposure history | ||
**Travel to or residence in Ohio and central Mississippi River Valley | **Travel to or residence in Ohio and central Mississippi River Valley | ||
**AIDS | **[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus|Human immunodeficiency virus]] ([[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]]) / [[acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]] ([[AIDS]]) | ||
**Mucosal lesions | **[[Mucosal]] lesions | ||
*''Pseudoallescheria boydii'' | *''Pseudoallescheria boydii'' | ||
**Water aspiration | **Water [[aspiration]] | ||
*''[[Sporothrix schenckii]]'' | *''[[Sporothrix schenckii]]'' | ||
**Traumatic inoculation | **Traumatic inoculation | ||
**IV drug use | **[[IV drug use]] | ||
**Ulcerated skin lesion<ref>Koroshetz WJ. Chapter 382. Chronic and Recurrent Meningitis. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2012.</ref> | **[[Ulcerated lesion|Ulcerated]] skin lesion<ref>Koroshetz WJ. Chapter 382. Chronic and Recurrent Meningitis. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2012.</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 20:33, 31 January 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby; Prince Tano Djan, BSc, MBChB [2]
Overview
Fungal meningitis rarely occurs in otherwise healthy individuals. Co-existing medical conditions, immunosuppression and travel history to areas where specific fungi are endemic are risk factors for Fungal meningitis
Risk Factors
- Aspergillus sp.
- Blastomyces dermatitidis
- Travel to or residence in midwestern and southeastern USA
- Systemic infection
- Abscesses
- Draining sinus
- Ulcers
- Coccidioides immitis
- Exposure history
- Travel to or residence in southwestern US
- Dark-skinned races
- Candida sp.
- IV drug abuse
- Post surgery
- Prolonged intravenous therapy
- Disseminated candidiasis
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- Immune suppression examples systemic neoplasia and organ transplantation
- Pigeon exposure
- Skin and other organ involvement due to disseminated infection
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Exposure history
- Travel to or residence in Ohio and central Mississippi River Valley
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- Mucosal lesions
- Pseudoallescheria boydii
- Water aspiration
- Sporothrix schenckii
- Traumatic inoculation
- IV drug use
- Ulcerated skin lesion[1]
References
- ↑ Koroshetz WJ. Chapter 382. Chronic and Recurrent Meningitis. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2012.