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{{Infobox_Disease |
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Image          = |
  Caption        = |
  DiseasesDB    = 29609 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|Q|18|5|q|10}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|744.84}} |
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = ent |
  eMedicineTopic = 148 |
  MeshID        = D008865 |
}}
{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Microstomia''' (''micro-'' a combining form meaning small + ''-stomia'' a combining form meaning mouth = (abnormally) "small mouth") is a clinical feature of many [[craniofacial]] [[syndrome]]s, including [[Freeman-Sheldon syndrome]] and Sheldon-Hall syndromes (or distal [[arthrogryposis multiplex congenita]]). It may present with whistling-face feature, as well, as in Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. In this syndrome, it impairs [[alimentation]] and may require [[oral commissurotomies]], with subsequent revisions, to improve function.
'''Microstomia''' (''micro-'' a combining form meaning small + ''-stomia'' a combining form meaning mouth = (abnormally) "small mouth") is a clinical feature of many [[craniofacial]] [[syndrome]]s, including [[Freeman-Sheldon syndrome]] and Sheldon-Hall syndromes (or distal [[arthrogryposis multiplex congenita]]). It may present with whistling-face feature, as well, as in Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. In this syndrome, it impairs [[alimentation]] and may require [[oral commissurotomies]], with subsequent revisions, to improve function.


==Differential diagnosis of causes==
==Causes==
===Congenital conditions===
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
===Life Threatening Causes===
There are no causes of microstomia that are life-threatening.
 
===Common Causes
* Fine-Lubinsky syndrome
* Fine-Lubinsky syndrome
* Fryns-van den Berghe syndrome
* Fryns-van den Berghe syndrome
* [[Hallermann-Streiff syndrome]] (HSS)
* [[Hallermann-Streiff syndrome]] (HSS)
===Chromosomal abnormalities===
* [[Velocardiofacial syndrome]]
* [[Velocardiofacial syndrome]]
===Autosomal dominant conditions===
* [[Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy|Amyotrophy, hereditary neuralgic]]
* [[Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy|Amyotrophy, hereditary neuralgic]]
* [[Freeman-Sheldon syndrome]]
* [[Freeman-Sheldon syndrome]]
* [[Micrognathia]] with peromelia
* [[Micrognathia]] with peromelia
* [[Velocardiofacial syndrome]]
* [[Velocardiofacial syndrome]]
===Autosomal recessive conditions===
* Burton syndrome
* Burton syndrome
* [[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica]], Hallopeau-Siemens type
* [[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica]], Hallopeau-Siemens type
Line 43: Line 25:
* Schwartz-Jampel-Aberfeld syndrome
* Schwartz-Jampel-Aberfeld syndrome


[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chemical burn]],  [[Electrical burn]],  [[Orofacial burns]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Lip resection]],  [[Micrognathia with peromelia]],  [[Oral surgery]],  [[Whistling baby syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Restrictive dermopathy]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Oro-palatal dysplasia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Auriculo-condylar syndrome]],  [[Burton syndrome]],  [[Craniocarpotarsal dysplasia]],  [[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica]],  [[Fibrochondrogenesis]],  [[Fine-lubinsky syndrome]],  [[Freeman-sheldon syndrome]],  [[Fryns-van den berghe syndrome]],  [[Hallermann-streiff syndrome (hss)]],  [[Hennekam syndrome]],  [[Leopard syndrome]],  [[Micrognathia with peromelia]],  [[Mobius syndrome]],  [[Onat syndrome]],  [[Oro-palatal dysplasia]],  [[Otocephaly-dysgnathia complex]],  [[Restrictive dermopathy]],  [[Schwartz-jampel-aberfeld syndrome]],  [[Velocardiofacial syndrome]],  [[Whistling baby syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Lip resection]],  [[Oral surgery]],  [[Radiotherapy]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyotrophy]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Down syndrome]],  [[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica]],  [[Velocardiofacial syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Crest syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chemical burn]],  [[Electrical burn]],  [[Orofacial burns]],  [[Physical trauma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{columns-list|3|
*[[Amyotrophy]]
*[[Auriculo-condylar syndrome]]
*[[Burton syndrome]]
*[[Chemical burn]]
*[[Craniocarpotarsal dysplasia]]
*[[Crest syndrome]]
*[[Down syndrome]]
*[[Electrical burn]]
*[[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica]]
*[[Fibrochondrogenesis]]
*[[Fine-lubinsky syndrome]]
*[[Freeman-sheldon syndrome]]
*[[Fryns-van den berghe syndrome]]
*[[Hallermann-streiff syndrome (hss)]]
*[[Hennekam syndrome]]
*[[Leopard syndrome]]
*[[Lip resection]]
*[[Micrognathia with peromelia]]
*[[Mobius syndrome]]
*[[Onat syndrome]]
*[[Oral surgery]]
*[[Orofacial burns]]
*[[Oro-palatal dysplasia]]
*[[Otocephaly-dysgnathia complex]]
*[[Physical trauma]]
*[[Radiotherapy]]
*[[Restrictive dermopathy]]
*[[Schwartz-jampel-aberfeld syndrome]]
*[[Velocardiofacial syndrome]]
*[[Whistling baby syndrome]]
}}
</div>
 
==References==
{{reflist|2
 
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]


Revision as of 20:01, 3 February 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Microstomia (micro- a combining form meaning small + -stomia a combining form meaning mouth = (abnormally) "small mouth") is a clinical feature of many craniofacial syndromes, including Freeman-Sheldon syndrome and Sheldon-Hall syndromes (or distal arthrogryposis multiplex congenita). It may present with whistling-face feature, as well, as in Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. In this syndrome, it impairs alimentation and may require oral commissurotomies, with subsequent revisions, to improve function.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

There are no causes of microstomia that are life-threatening.

===Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning Chemical burn, Electrical burn, Orofacial burns
Dental Lip resection, Micrognathia with peromelia, Oral surgery, Whistling baby syndrome
Dermatologic Restrictive dermopathy
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat Oro-palatal dysplasia
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Auriculo-condylar syndrome, Burton syndrome, Craniocarpotarsal dysplasia, Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, Fibrochondrogenesis, Fine-lubinsky syndrome, Freeman-sheldon syndrome, Fryns-van den berghe syndrome, Hallermann-streiff syndrome (hss), Hennekam syndrome, Leopard syndrome, Micrognathia with peromelia, Mobius syndrome, Onat syndrome, Oro-palatal dysplasia, Otocephaly-dysgnathia complex, Restrictive dermopathy, Schwartz-jampel-aberfeld syndrome, Velocardiofacial syndrome, Whistling baby syndrome
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Lip resection, Oral surgery, Radiotherapy
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Amyotrophy
Neurologic Down syndrome, Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, Velocardiofacial syndrome
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Crest syndrome
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Chemical burn, Electrical burn, Orofacial burns, Physical trauma
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3

References

{{reflist|2

Template:Congenital malformations and deformations of eye, ear, face and neck


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