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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!
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!Key History
!Erythema
!Clinical appearance
!Discharge
!Biopsy
!Fowl smelling discharge
!Circinate lesions
!Grouped vesicles present
!Becomes aceto white on application of 5% acetic white
!White patches
!Purplish lesion
!pinpoint redder spots
!Red scaly plaques
!Failure to respond to treatment
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|Candida
|Candida Balanitis
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|Erythematous rash with soreness and/or itch, blotchy erythema with small papules which may be eroded, or dry dull red areas with a glazed appearance
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* Foul smelling sub-preputial inflammation and discharg: in severe cases associated with swelling and inflamed inguinal lymph nodes
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* Preputial edema, superficial erosions: milder forms also occur
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|Aerobic Infection
|Aerobic Infection
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|Variable inflammatory changes including uniform erythema and edema
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|Trichomonas vaginalis
|Trichomonas vaginalis
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|Superficial erosive balanitis which may lead to phimosis
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|Treponema paliidum
|Treponema paliidum
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|Multiple circinate lesions which erode to cause irregular ulcers have been described in the late primary or early secondary stage. A primary chancre may also be present
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|Herpes simplex
|Herpes simplex
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|Grouped vesicles on erythematous base over glans, prepuce and shaft which rupture to form shallow erosins. In rare cases primary herpes can cause a necrotic balanitis, with necrotic areas on the glans accompained by vesicles elsewhere and associated with headache and malaise.
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|Human papilloma virus
|Human papilloma virus
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|Papilloma virus may be associated with patchy or chronic balanitis, which becomes acetowhite after the application of 5% acetic acid
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|Lichen sclerosus
|Lichen sclerosus
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|Lichen Planus
|Lichen Planus
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|Psoriasis
|Psoriasis
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|Circinate  
|Circinate  
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|Zoon's balanitis
|Zoon's balanitis
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|Eczema  
|Eczema  
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|Allergic reaction
|Allergic reaction
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|Bowen's disease
|Bowen's disease
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|Bowenoid papulosis
|Bowenoid papulosis
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|Erythroplasia of Queyrat
|Erythroplasia of Queyrat
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Revision as of 17:26, 8 February 2017

Template:BalanitisV Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vishal Devarkonda, M.B.B.S[2]

Synonyms and keywords: Balanoposthitis

  • Please click here to know more about Infectious balanitis
  • Please click here to know more about Penile carcinoma in situ causing Balanitis
  • Please click here to know more about Inflammatory deramtosis causing Balanitis
  • Please click here to know more about Zoon's Balanitis
  • Please click here to know more about Balanitis xerotica obliterans

Overview

Balanitis is inflammation of glans penis. When balanitis involve foreskin and prepuce it is termed balanoposthitis. Causes of balanitis can be mainly categorized into 1) Infectious 2) Inflammatory dermatoses 3) Penile carcinoma in situ.

Classification

There is no established classification system for Balantis. Based on the etiologies, Balanitis can be classified into:

  • Infectious
  • Inflammatory dermatoses
  • Penile carcinoma in situ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balanitis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Infectious
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inflammatory dermatoses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premalignant(penile carcinoma in situ)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Candida (albicans, krusei)
Streptococci
Anaerobes
Staphylococci
Trichomonas vaginalis
Herpes simplex virus
Human papillomavirus
Mycoplasma genitalium
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lichen sclerosus
Lichen planus
Psoriasis
Circinate balanitis
Zoon's balanitis
Eczema
Allergic reactions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bowen's disease
Bowenoid papulosis
Erythroplasia of Queyrat

Diagnosis and management


2008 UK National Guideline on the Management of Balanoposthitis 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balanitis/balanoposthitis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Take history and examine
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Perpuce retracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Perpuce does not retract
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ulceration present
 
 
 
 
Erythema,subpreputial discharge
 
 
 
 
 
Prepuce scarred
 
 
 
Prepuce swollen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Follow genital ulcer protocol
 
Fowl smelling
 
 
No odour
 
 
 
Refer to surgical opinion
 
 
 
Treat as genital ulcer disease
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Metronidazole 400 mg bd
 
 
Antifungal+1% Hydrocortisone cream apply bd
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Review
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If better discharge
 
If not better 1) Reassess-try alternative pathyway 2) Erythromycin 500 bd 3) Potent steroid cream
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Differential Diagnosis

Erythema Discharge Fowl smelling discharge Circinate lesions Grouped vesicles present Becomes aceto white on application of 5% acetic white White patches Purplish lesion pinpoint redder spots Red scaly plaques Failure to respond to treatment
Candida Balanitis
Anaerobic Infection
Aerobic Infection
Trichomonas vaginalis
Treponema paliidum
Herpes simplex
Human papilloma virus
Lichen sclerosus
Lichen Planus
Psoriasis
Circinate
Zoon's balanitis
Eczema
Allergic reaction
Bowen's disease
Bowenoid papulosis
Erythroplasia of Queyrat

References

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Sandbox:Balanitis&oldid=1291972"