Pyelonephritis primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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*Avoidance of unnecessary [[catheterization]] | *Avoidance of unnecessary [[catheterization]] | ||
The use of cranberry juice to prevent [[cystitis]] and thus pyelonephritis remains controversial. Cranberry Juice is thought to prevent the adherence of uropathogens to urothelial cells, but its benefit is yet to be proven.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1 = Hooton | first1 = TM. | title = Clinical practice. Uncomplicated urinary tract infection. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 366 | issue = 11 | pages = 1028-37 | month = Mar | year = 2012 |doi = 10.1056/NEJMcp1104429 | PMID = 22417256 }}</ref> | The use of cranberry juice to prevent [[cystitis]] and thus pyelonephritis remains controversial. Cranberry Juice is thought to prevent the adherence of uropathogens to urothelial cells, but its benefit is yet to be proven.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1 = Hooton | first1 = TM. | title = Clinical practice. Uncomplicated urinary tract infection. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 366 | issue = 11 | pages = 1028-37 | month = Mar | year = 2012 |doi = 10.1056/NEJMcp1104429 | PMID = 22417256 }}</ref><ref name=jepson>{{cite journal | author = Jepson R, Mihaljevic L, Craig J | title = Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. | journal = Cochrane Database Syst Rev | volume = | issue = | pages = CD001321 | year = | id = PMID 14973968}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2]
Overview
Preventative measures to avoid Pyelonephritis include the measures for preventing a urinary tract infection which include voiding after intercourse, use of barrier contraception, increasing fluid intake and frequency of urination, cleaning the urethral meatus after intercourse and use of estrogen (among post-menopausal women). Single-dose prophylactic antimicrobial therapy prior to sexual intercourse may be administered to patients who have recurrent episodes of cystitis that are associated with sexual activity. Prevention of recurrence of cystitis may also be helpful in preventing development of pyelonephritis.*Cleaning the uretheral meatus after intercourse[1]
Primary Prevention
The following preventative measures may reduce the risk of urinary tract infections which are an important cause of Pyelonephritis: [2][3]
- Increasing the intake of fluids and the frequency of urination
- Abstinence from sexual activity
- Cleaning the uretheral meatus after intercourse[4]
- Voiding after every intercourse
- Use barrier contraception and avoiding spermicides
- Prevention of recurrence of cystitis
- Use of topical estrogen among post-menopausal women
- Anatomical evaluation of structural and functional defects may be needed for recurrence of urinary tract infections
- Glycemic control in diabetic patients
- Avoidance of unnecessary catheterization
The use of cranberry juice to prevent cystitis and thus pyelonephritis remains controversial. Cranberry Juice is thought to prevent the adherence of uropathogens to urothelial cells, but its benefit is yet to be proven.[5][6]
References
- ↑ H. H. Meyhoff, J. Nordling, P. A. Gammelgaard & R. Vejlsgaard (1981). "Does antibacterial ointment applied to urethral meatus in women prevent recurrent cystitis?". Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. 15 (2): 81–83. PMID 7036332.
- ↑ Raz, R.; Stamm, WE. (1993). "A controlled trial of intravaginal estriol in postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections". N Engl J Med. 329 (11): 753–6. doi:10.1056/NEJM199309093291102. PMID 8350884. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ H. H. Meyhoff, J. Nordling, P. A. Gammelgaard & R. Vejlsgaard (1981). "Does antibacterial ointment applied to urethral meatus in women prevent recurrent cystitis?". Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. 15 (2): 81–83. PMID 7036332.
- ↑ H. H. Meyhoff, J. Nordling, P. A. Gammelgaard & R. Vejlsgaard (1981). "Does antibacterial ointment applied to urethral meatus in women prevent recurrent cystitis?". Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. 15 (2): 81–83. PMID 7036332.
- ↑ Hooton, TM. (2012). "Clinical practice. Uncomplicated urinary tract infection". N Engl J Med. 366 (11): 1028–37. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1104429. PMID 22417256. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Jepson R, Mihaljevic L, Craig J. "Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD001321. PMID 14973968.