Strongyloidiasis: Difference between revisions
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==[[Strongyloidiasis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Strongyloidiasis from other Diseases]]== | ==[[Strongyloidiasis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Strongyloidiasis from other Diseases]]== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! colspan="7" |Differentiating Strongyloides stercoralis infection from other Nematode infections<ref name="Principles and Practice">Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.</ref><ref name="Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine">{{cite book |last1=Kim |first1=Kami |last2=Weiss |first2=Louis |last3=Tanowitz |first3=Herbert |title=Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine Sixth Edition |publisher=Elsevier |date=2016 |pages=682-698 |chapter=Chapter 39:Parasitic Infections |isbn=978-1-4557-3383-5}}</ref> | |||
|- | |||
|Nematode | |||
|Transmission | |||
|Direct Person-Person Transmission | |||
|Duration of Infection | |||
|Pulmonary Manifestation | |||
|Location of Adult worm(s) | |||
|Treatment | |||
|- | |||
|[[Ascaris lumbricoides]] | |||
|Ingestion of infective ova | |||
|No | |||
|1-2 years | |||
| | |||
* [[Löffler's syndrome]] (usually about 9-12 days after exposure to ova) | |||
* [[Cough]] | |||
* Substernal discomfort | |||
* [[Crackles]] | |||
* [[Wheezing]] | |||
* Transient opacities | |||
|Free in the lumen of the small bowel | |||
(primarily jejunum) | |||
| | |||
* [[Albendazole]] | |||
* [[Mebendazole]] | |||
* [[Pyrantel pamoate]] | |||
* [[Ivermectin]] | |||
* [[Levamisole]] | |||
* [[Piperazine]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Trichuris trichiura]] | |||
(whipworm) | |||
|Ingestion of infective [[ova]] | |||
|No | |||
|1-3 years | |||
|No pulmonary migration, therefore, no pulmonary manifestation | |||
|Anchored in the superficial mucosa of cecum and colon | |||
| | |||
* [[Albendazole]] | |||
* [[Mebendazole]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Hookworm]] ([[Necator americanus]] and [[Ancylostoma duodenale]]) | |||
|Skin penetration by filariform larvae | |||
|No | |||
| | |||
* 3-5 years (Necator) | |||
* 1 year (Ancylostoma) | |||
| | |||
* [[Löffler's syndrome]] | |||
* Transient opacities | |||
|Attached to the mucosa of mid-upper portion of the [[small bowel]] | |||
| | |||
* [[Albendazole]] | |||
* [[Mebendazole]] | |||
* [[Levamisole]] | |||
* [[Pyrantel pamoate]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Strongyloides stercoralis]] | |||
|Filariform larvae penetrates skin or bowel mucosa | |||
|Yes | |||
|Lifetime of the host | |||
| | |||
* [[Löffler's syndrome]] | |||
* Chronic [[cough]] | |||
* [[Pneumonia]] or [[sepsis]] in hyperinfection | |||
|Embedded in the mucosa of the [[duodenum]], [[jejunum]] | |||
| | |||
* [[Ivermectin]] | |||
* [[Albendazole]] | |||
* [[Thiabendazole]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Enterobius vermicularis]] ([[pinworm]]) | |||
|Ingestion of infective [[ova]] | |||
|Yes | |||
|1 month | |||
|Extraintestinal migration is very rare<ref name="pmid21879805">{{cite journal| author=Serpytis M, Seinin D| title=Fatal case of ectopic enterobiasis: Enterobius vermicularis in the kidneys. | journal=Scand J Urol Nephrol | year= 2012 | volume= 46 | issue= 1 | pages= 70-2 | pmid=21879805 | doi=10.3109/00365599.2011.609834 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21879805 }} </ref> | |||
|Free in the lumen of [[cecum]], [[appendix]], adjacent [[colon]] | |||
| | |||
* [[Albendazole]] | |||
* [[Mebendazole]] | |||
* [[Pyrantel pamoate]] | |||
* [[Ivermectin]] | |||
* [[Levamisole]] | |||
* [[Piperazine]] | |||
|} | |||
==[[Strongyloidiasis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== | ==[[Strongyloidiasis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== | ||
Revision as of 15:57, 8 March 2017
This page is about clinical aspects of the disease. For microbiologic aspects of the causative organism(s), see Strongyloides stercoralis.
| Strongyloidiasis | |
| Classification and external resources | |
| |
|---|---|
| Micrograph showing strongyloidiasis; a fragment of a worm is seen in the lower right hand corner. H&E stain. |
For patient information, click here
|
Strongyloidiasis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Strongyloidiasis On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Strongyloidiasis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: Strongyloides infection
Overview
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Strongyloidiasis from other Diseases
| Differentiating Strongyloides stercoralis infection from other Nematode infections[1][2] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nematode | Transmission | Direct Person-Person Transmission | Duration of Infection | Pulmonary Manifestation | Location of Adult worm(s) | Treatment |
| Ascaris lumbricoides | Ingestion of infective ova | No | 1-2 years |
|
Free in the lumen of the small bowel
(primarily jejunum) |
|
| Trichuris trichiura
(whipworm) |
Ingestion of infective ova | No | 1-3 years | No pulmonary migration, therefore, no pulmonary manifestation | Anchored in the superficial mucosa of cecum and colon | |
| Hookworm (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale) | Skin penetration by filariform larvae | No |
|
|
Attached to the mucosa of mid-upper portion of the small bowel | |
| Strongyloides stercoralis | Filariform larvae penetrates skin or bowel mucosa | Yes | Lifetime of the host |
|
Embedded in the mucosa of the duodenum, jejunum | |
| Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) | Ingestion of infective ova | Yes | 1 month | Extraintestinal migration is very rare[3] | Free in the lumen of cecum, appendix, adjacent colon | |
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
- ↑ Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.
- ↑ Kim, Kami; Weiss, Louis; Tanowitz, Herbert (2016). "Chapter 39:Parasitic Infections". Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine Sixth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 682–698. ISBN 978-1-4557-3383-5.
- ↑ Serpytis M, Seinin D (2012). "Fatal case of ectopic enterobiasis: Enterobius vermicularis in the kidneys". Scand J Urol Nephrol. 46 (1): 70–2. doi:10.3109/00365599.2011.609834. PMID 21879805.