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| *[[Tsh deficiency]] | | *[[Tsh deficiency]] |
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| ===Less Common Causes===
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| *Hypothyroidism can result from postpartum [[thyroiditis]], a condition that affects about 5% of all women within a year after giving birth. The first phase is typically hyperthyroidism. Then, the thyroid either returns to normal or a woman develops hypothyroidism. Of those women who experience hypothyroidism associated with postpartum thyroiditis, one in five will develop permanent hypothyroidism requiring life-long treatment.
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| *Hypothyroidism can also result from sporadic inheritance, sometimes [[autosome|autosomal]] recessive.
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| *Temporary hypothyroidism can be due to the [[Wolff-Chaikoff effect]].
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| ===Causes by Organ System=== | | ===Causes by Organ System=== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Hypothyroidism is commonly caused by iodine deficiency, hashimoto's thyroiditis, and diseases that cause disruption in pituitary hormone production. Neoplasms can be a life threatening cause of hypothyroidism and require prompt diagnosis and differentiation to reduce morbidity.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
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Alström syndrome, Aneurysm of the internal carotid artery, Neutral lipid storage disease
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| Chemical/Poisoning
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Iodine 131, Iodine antenatal infection , Iron overload , Isolated tsh deficiency, Lithium, Potassium iodide
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| Dental
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No underlying causes
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| Dermatologic
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Dermatosclerosis
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| Drug Side Effect
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Aminoglutethimide, Amiodarone, Antithyroid drugs, Atezolizumab, Axitinib, Bexarotene, Bromide , Carbimazole, Catch 22 , Ed-in-sol, Ethionamide, Femiron, Feosol, Feostat, Feratab, Fer-gen-sol, Fergon, Fer-in-sol, Ferrex, Hytinic, Icar, Interferon alfacon-1, Interferon alpha, Interferon-alfa, Interleukin-2, Ircon, Methimazole, Mitotane, Nephro-fer, Niferex, Nivolumab, Nu-iron, Oxcarbazepine, Para-amino salicylic acid, Peginterferon beta-1a, Pegylated interferon alfa-2b, Pembrolizumab, Perchlorate, Pergolide, Phenytoin and levothyroxine interaction, Pramipexole, Propylthiouracil, Slow-fe, Sorafenib, Thionamides, Thyroid and cholestyramine interaction, Tiagabine, Tocilizumab, Tositumomab iodine-131, Ttf-1, Ttf-2, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Vitron-c
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| Ear Nose Throat
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Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome
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| Endocrine
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Abnormal maternal iodine levels, Acth deficiency, Antithyroid drugs, Apeced syndrome, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3, Autoimmune thyroiditis, Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, Central hypothyroidism, Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 1 (pou1f1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 2 (prop1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 3 (lhx gene), Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a , Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h , Congenital thyroid dysgenesis, Cretinism athyreotic , De quervain thyroiditis, Deficiency of pit1, Dopamine, Empty sella, Escamilla-lisser syndrome , Fibrous thyroiditis, Goiter , Graves disease , Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Hemochromatosis, Hyperthyroidism , Hypoadrenocorticism , Hypomelia , Hypopituitarism, Hypothalamic dysfunction , Hypothyroidism, Iodine deficiency, Iodine excess, Kaplowitz-bodurtha syndrome , Lymphocytic hypophysitis, Lymphocytic thyroiditis, Lymphomatous thyroiditis , Multiple endocrine abnormalities , Panhypopituitarism, Peripheral thyroid gland disorder resistance, Pituitary adenoma, Pituitary apoplexy, Pituitary cancer , Pituitary dwarfism type 3, Pituitary dysfunction , Polyendocrinopathy, Polyglandular disorders, Postpartum thyroiditis , Primary hypothyroidism, Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a, Rathke's cleft cyst, Reidel's thyroiditis, Resistance to thyroid hormone , Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome , Riedel syndrome , Secondary hypothyroidism, Sheehan syndrome, Silent thyroiditis, Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis, Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis, Subacute thyroiditis, Subtotal thyroidectomy, Supprative thyroiditis, Thyreostatic therapy, Thyroid dysgenesis , Thyroid dyshormonogenesis , Thyroid ectopy, Thyroid hormone resistance , Thyroid stimulating hormone deficiency, Thyroidectomy, Thyroiditis, Trh deficiency, Tsh deficiency
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| Environmental
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No underlying causes
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| Gastroenterologic
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Diarrhea, Enteropathy, Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome
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| Genetic
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17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase iii deficiency , Abnormal maternal iodine levels, Acth deficiency, Alström syndrome, Bamforth syndrome , Bangstad syndrome , Cdg syndrome type 1a , Chromosome 1, 1p36 deletion syndrome , Chromosome 10, monosomy 10p , Chromosome 10p deletion syndrome, Chromosome 12 ring syndrome , Chromosome 15q duplication syndrome , Chromosome 15q, trisomy , Chromosome 2 trisomy syndrome , Chromosome 6, trisomy 6q , Chromosome 6q duplication syndrome , Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 1 (pou1f1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 2 (prop1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 3 (lhx gene), Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a , Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h , Congenital thyroid dysgenesis, Cystinosis, Deficiency of pit1, Digeorge syndrome, Down syndrome, Emanuel syndrome, Ipex syndrome, Johanson-blizzard syndrome , Kaplowitz-bodurtha syndrome , Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Monosomy 1p36 , Mutations , Ohdo syndrome, Pax8, Pendred's syndrome , Poems syndrome, Septo-optic dysplasia, Turner syndrome, Velocardiofacial syndrome , Vilanova-canadeli syndrome , Wolfram syndrome 2 , Zadik barak levin syndrome
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| Hematologic
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Diabetes insipidus, Diabetes mellitus, Hemochromatosis, Hemocyte, Iodine deficiency, Iodine excess, Iron overload , Isolated tsh deficiency, Maternal antibody, Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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| Iatrogenic
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Iatrogenic, Neck radiotherapy, Neck surgery, Radiation therapy, Radioactive iodine therapy, Subtotal thyroidectomy, Supprative thyroiditis, Thyroidectomy
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| Infectious Disease
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Iodine antenatal infection , Mycoses, Rathke's cleft cyst, Syphilis, Tuberculosis
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| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
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Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome
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| Neurologic
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Aneurysm of the internal carotid artery, Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, Craniopharyngioma, Dopamine, Down syndrome, Microcephaly , Microphthalmia syndromic, Neurosarcoidosis , Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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| Nutritional/Metabolic
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Diabetes insipidus, Diabetes mellitus, Diarrhea, Obesity
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| Obstetric/Gynecologic
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Neonatal illness, Sheehan syndrome
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| Oncologic
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Craniopharyngioma, Glioma, Hypomelia , Meningioma, Metastasis, Neoplastic, Pituitary adenoma, Pituitary apoplexy, Pituitary cancer
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| Ophthalmologic
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No underlying causes
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| Overdose/Toxicity
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No underlying causes
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| Psychiatric
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No underlying causes
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| Pulmonary
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Amyloidosis, Tuberculosis
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| Renal/Electrolyte
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No underlying causes
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| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
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Amyloidosis, Anti-tsh receptor antibodies, Apeced syndrome, Autoimmune disorders, Autoimmune enteropathy, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3, Autoimmune thyroiditis, Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, Dermatosclerosis, Fibrous thyroiditis, Graves disease , Immune dysregulation , Kashin-bek disease , Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Neurosarcoidosis , Rheumatoid arthritis, Sarcoidosis, Scleroderma
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| Sexual
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Syphilis
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| Trauma
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Injury
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| Urologic
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No underlying causes
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| Miscellaneous
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No underlying causes
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Causes in Alphabetical Order
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References
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