Leptospirosis primary prevention: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{VSKP}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}}{{VSKP}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Leptospirosis can be prevented by avoiding the risk factors by practicing general measures, from contact with infected sources and animals. Also, it can be minimized by taking antibiotic prophylaxis in high risk group who will have occupational exposure with infected sources. | Leptospirosis can be prevented by avoiding the risk factors by practicing general measures, from contact with [[infected]] sources and animals. Also, it can be minimized by taking [[antibiotic]] prophylaxis in high risk group who will have occupational exposure with infected sources. | ||
==Primary Prevention== | ==Primary Prevention== | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
===Prophylaxis=== | ===Prophylaxis=== | ||
Prophylactic antibiotic for leptospirosis is needed for risk group who are unavoidably in contact with rodents or working in stagnant water and far from medical help such as disaster-zone aid workers | Prophylactic [[antibiotic]] for leptospirosis is needed for risk group who are unavoidably in contact with rodents or working in stagnant water and far from medical help such as disaster-zone aid workers and military personnel. Recommended drug of choice is [[doxycycline]] with a dose of 200mg weekly, starting 1 or 2 days before exposure and continuing until the high-risk situation resolve(maximum of not more than 8 weeks).<ref name="pmid6363930">{{cite journal| author=Takafuji ET, Kirkpatrick JW, Miller RN, Karwacki JJ, Kelley PW, Gray MR et al.| title=An efficacy trial of doxycycline chemoprophylaxis against leptospirosis. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1984 | volume= 310 | issue= 8 | pages= 497-500 | pmid=6363930 | doi=10.1056/NEJM198402233100805 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6363930 }} </ref> | ||
===Vaccines=== | ===Vaccines=== | ||
As the pathogenic serovars include wide variety of group, [[vaccine]] against leptospirosis is short lived and unprotective.<ref name="pmid16333195">{{cite journal| author=Koizumi N, Watanabe H| title=Leptospirosis vaccines: past, present, and future. | journal=J Postgrad Med | year= 2005 | volume= 51 | issue= 3 | pages= 210-4 | pmid=16333195 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16333195 }} </ref> | As the [[pathogenic]] [[serovars]] include wide variety of group, [[vaccine]] against leptospirosis is short lived and unprotective.<ref name="pmid16333195">{{cite journal| author=Koizumi N, Watanabe H| title=Leptospirosis vaccines: past, present, and future. | journal=J Postgrad Med | year= 2005 | volume= 51 | issue= 3 | pages= 210-4 | pmid=16333195 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16333195 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:08, 3 April 2017
|
Leptospirosis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Leptospirosis primary prevention On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Leptospirosis primary prevention |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Leptospirosis primary prevention |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Leptospirosis can be prevented by avoiding the risk factors by practicing general measures, from contact with infected sources and animals. Also, it can be minimized by taking antibiotic prophylaxis in high risk group who will have occupational exposure with infected sources.
Primary Prevention
General measures
General protective measures to be taken by risk groups as follows.
- Recreational activities :
- Protective clothing and appropriate shoes to protect from infection from contaminated sources such as animal urine.[1]
- Immediate washing or bathing after recreational activities if exposed to stagnant water or soil
- workers and farmers:[2]
- Learning good animal husbandry techniques and using of personal protective equipment that minimize the risk of transmission
- Eradication or control of rodent population in the fields or working place
Prophylaxis
Prophylactic antibiotic for leptospirosis is needed for risk group who are unavoidably in contact with rodents or working in stagnant water and far from medical help such as disaster-zone aid workers and military personnel. Recommended drug of choice is doxycycline with a dose of 200mg weekly, starting 1 or 2 days before exposure and continuing until the high-risk situation resolve(maximum of not more than 8 weeks).[3]
Vaccines
As the pathogenic serovars include wide variety of group, vaccine against leptospirosis is short lived and unprotective.[4]
References
- ↑ Forbes AE, Zochowski WJ, Dubrey SW, Sivaprakasam V (2012). "Leptospirosis and Weil's disease in the UK". QJM. 105 (12): 1151–62. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcs145. PMID 22843698.
- ↑ "prevention of leptospirosis" (PDF).
- ↑ Takafuji ET, Kirkpatrick JW, Miller RN, Karwacki JJ, Kelley PW, Gray MR; et al. (1984). "An efficacy trial of doxycycline chemoprophylaxis against leptospirosis". N Engl J Med. 310 (8): 497–500. doi:10.1056/NEJM198402233100805. PMID 6363930.
- ↑ Koizumi N, Watanabe H (2005). "Leptospirosis vaccines: past, present, and future". J Postgrad Med. 51 (3): 210–4. PMID 16333195.