Malaria classification: Difference between revisions
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===Classification by Plasmodium Strain=== | ===Classification by Plasmodium Strain=== | ||
The following ''[[Plasmodium]]'' strains are the most common strains implicated in human malarial infection. | The following ''[[Plasmodium]]'' strains are the most common strains implicated in human malarial infection.<ref name="pmid28389518">{{cite journal| author=Long CA, Zavala F| title=Immune Responses in Malaria. | journal=Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med | year= 2017 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28389518 | doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a025577 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28389518 }} </ref> | ||
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center | {| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center | ||
|+'''''Comparison of ''Plasmodium'' Species Implicated in Human Malaria''''' ({{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/malaria/dx.html |title= Malaria |date= Nov. 29 2013 |website= Center for Disease Control and Prevention|publisher= Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)|accessdate=Jul 24 2014}} | |+'''''Comparison of ''Plasmodium'' Species Implicated in Human Malaria''''' <ref name= "Plasmodium" >({{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/malaria/dx.html |title= Malaria |date= Nov. 29 2013 |website= Center for Disease Control and Prevention|publisher= Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)|accessdate=Jul 24 2014}}</ref> | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 120px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Strain}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 120px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Strain}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Appearance of Erythrocyte (RBC)}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Appearance of Erythrocyte (RBC)}} |
Revision as of 15:42, 21 April 2017
Malaria Microchapters |
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Malaria classification On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Malaria classification |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Malaria classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian, Alison Leibowitz [2]
Overview
The classification of malaria can be established according to the strains of Plasmodium species. There are five common Plasmodium species that infect humans: P. falciparum, P. ovale, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi. Malaria can also be classified according to severity of infection: uncomplicated vs. severe.[1]
Classification
Classification by Plasmodium Strain
The following Plasmodium strains are the most common strains implicated in human malarial infection.[1]
Strain | Appearance of Erythrocyte (RBC) | Appearance of Parasite | Clinical Significance |
---|---|---|---|
P. falciparum |
|
|
Tertian/subtertian fever (every 48 hours), causes severe malaria in up to 24% of cases, and is frequently drug resistant. |
P. vivax |
|
|
Tertian fever (every 48 hours), results in severe malaria in up to 22% of cases, and is frequently drug resistant. Relapse is common due to the dormant liver phase. |
P. ovale | Normal with fine Schüffner dots | Tertian fever (every 48 hours), rarely causes severe malaria or drug resistance. Relapse is common due to dormant liver phase. | |
P. malariae | Normal with Ziemann's stippling |
|
Quartan fever (every 72 hrs), rarely results in severe malaria or drug resistance. Although dormant liver phase is uncommon, infection persistence is frequently demonstrated. |
P. knowlesi | Normal with Sinton and Mulligan stippling |
|
Daily fevers, may result in severe malaria in up to 10% of cases, although resistance is rare. |
Classification by Severity of Infection
The following table classifies malarial infections by severity.
Severity | Clinical Significance |
---|---|
Uncomplicated |
Attack lasts 6-10 hours consisting of 3 stages:
|
Severe |
Malaria is complicated by organ damage and is considered a medical emergency that requires prompt hospitalization.
|
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Long CA, Zavala F (2017). "Immune Responses in Malaria". Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a025577. PMID 28389518.
- ↑ ("Malaria". Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nov. 29 2013. Retrieved Jul 24 2014. Check date values in:
|accessdate=, |date=
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