Oral candidiasis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Uncontrolled [[diabetes]] are more likely to get oral thrush, because the extra | Uncontrolled [[diabetes]] are more likely to get oral thrush, because the extra glucose in [[saliva]] acts as a substrate for ''[[Candida]]''. High doses of [[antibiotics]] or extended use of [[antibiotics]] also increases the risk of oral thrush. [[Antibiotics]] kill [[bacterial flora]] that compete with candida. People with [[Dentures|poorly fitting dentures]] are also more likely to get thrush. | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*Thrush is commonly seen in infants. | *Thrush is commonly seen in infants. | ||
*It is not considered abnormal in infants unless it lasts longer than 2 weeks. | *It is not considered abnormal in infants unless it lasts longer than 2 weeks. | ||
*People who have | *People who have [[Diabetes|uncontrolled diabetes]] are more likely to get oral thrush because the extra sugar in [[saliva]] acts as a substrate for ''[[Candida]].'' | ||
*High doses of [[antibiotics]] or extended use of [[antibiotics]] also increases the risk of oral thrush. [[Antibiotics]] kill [[bacterial flora]] that compete with candida. | *High doses of [[antibiotics]] or extended use of [[antibiotics]] also increases the risk of oral thrush. [[Antibiotics]] kill [[bacterial flora]] that compete with [[candida]]. | ||
*People with poorly fitting dentures are also more likely to get thrush. | *People with poorly fitting [[dentures]] are also more likely to get thrush. | ||
===At Risk Individuals<ref name="pmid26679628">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes DR, Clancy CJ, Marr KA, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Reboli AC, Schuster MG, Vazquez JA, Walsh TJ, Zaoutis TE, Sobel JD |title=Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=e1–50 |year=2016 |pmid=26679628 |pmc=4725385 |doi=10.1093/cid/civ933 |url=}}</ref>=== | ===At Risk Individuals<ref name="pmid26679628">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes DR, Clancy CJ, Marr KA, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Reboli AC, Schuster MG, Vazquez JA, Walsh TJ, Zaoutis TE, Sobel JD |title=Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=e1–50 |year=2016 |pmid=26679628 |pmc=4725385 |doi=10.1093/cid/civ933 |url=}}</ref>=== | ||
*People with an [[immune deficiency]] (e.g. as a result of [[AIDS]]/[[HIV]] or [[chemotherapy]] treatment) | *People with an [[immune deficiency]] (e.g. as a result of [[AIDS]]/[[HIV]] or [[chemotherapy]] treatment) | ||
* [[Newborn]] babies | * [[Newborn]] babies | ||
* Denture users | * [[Dentures|Denture]] users | ||
* Poorly controlled [[diabetes]] | * Poorly controlled [[diabetes]] | ||
* As a side effect of medication, most commonly having taken [[antibiotic]]s. Inhaled [[corticosteroids]] for treatment of lung conditions (e.g, [[asthma]] or [[COPD]]) may also result in oral candidiasis which may be reduced by regularly rinsing the mouth with water after taking the medication. | * As a side effect of medication, most commonly having taken [[antibiotic]]s. Inhaled [[corticosteroids]] for treatment of lung conditions (e.g, [[asthma]] or [[COPD]]) may also result in oral candidiasis which may be reduced by regularly rinsing the mouth with water after taking the medication. | ||
* People with poor [[nutrition]], specifically vitamin A, iron and folate deficiencies | * People with poor [[nutrition]], specifically [[Vitamin A deficiency|vitamin A]], [[Iron deficiency anemia|iron]] and [[Folate deficiency|folate deficiencies]] | ||
* People with an [[immune deficiency]] (e.g. as a result of [[AIDS]]/[[HIV]] or [[chemotherapy]] treatment) | * People with an [[immune deficiency]] (e.g. as a result of [[AIDS]]/[[HIV]] or [[chemotherapy]] treatment) | ||
* Women undergoing hormonal changes, like pregnancy or those on birth control pills | * Women undergoing hormonal changes, like [[pregnancy]] or those on [[birth control pills]] | ||
* Organ transplantation patients | * [[Organ transplantation]] patients | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Uncontrolled diabetes are more likely to get oral thrush, because the extra glucose in saliva acts as a substrate for Candida. High doses of antibiotics or extended use of antibiotics also increases the risk of oral thrush. Antibiotics kill bacterial flora that compete with candida. People with poorly fitting dentures are also more likely to get thrush.
Risk Factors
- Thrush is commonly seen in infants.
- It is not considered abnormal in infants unless it lasts longer than 2 weeks.
- People who have uncontrolled diabetes are more likely to get oral thrush because the extra sugar in saliva acts as a substrate for Candida.
- High doses of antibiotics or extended use of antibiotics also increases the risk of oral thrush. Antibiotics kill bacterial flora that compete with candida.
- People with poorly fitting dentures are also more likely to get thrush.
At Risk Individuals[1]
- People with an immune deficiency (e.g. as a result of AIDS/HIV or chemotherapy treatment)
- Newborn babies
- Denture users
- Poorly controlled diabetes
- As a side effect of medication, most commonly having taken antibiotics. Inhaled corticosteroids for treatment of lung conditions (e.g, asthma or COPD) may also result in oral candidiasis which may be reduced by regularly rinsing the mouth with water after taking the medication.
- People with poor nutrition, specifically vitamin A, iron and folate deficiencies
- People with an immune deficiency (e.g. as a result of AIDS/HIV or chemotherapy treatment)
- Women undergoing hormonal changes, like pregnancy or those on birth control pills
- Organ transplantation patients
References
- ↑ Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes DR, Clancy CJ, Marr KA, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Reboli AC, Schuster MG, Vazquez JA, Walsh TJ, Zaoutis TE, Sobel JD (2016). "Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America". Clin. Infect. Dis. 62 (4): e1–50. doi:10.1093/cid/civ933. PMC 4725385. PMID 26679628.