Rotavirus infection physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Patients infected with rotavirus infection may appear lethargic and pale in severe cases. They also have low blood pressure and fever due to infection. Signs of dehydration are more noticed in the infants as they could have sunken eye and depressed fontanelle. Convulsions also may be noticed in severe cases. | |||
==Physical examination== | ==Physical examination== | ||
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===HEENT=== | ===HEENT=== | ||
*In infants depressed anterior | *In infants depressed anterior fontanelle may be felt in case of dehydration | ||
*Sunken eyes | *Sunken eyes | ||
Revision as of 17:45, 14 May 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Patients infected with rotavirus infection may appear lethargic and pale in severe cases. They also have low blood pressure and fever due to infection. Signs of dehydration are more noticed in the infants as they could have sunken eye and depressed fontanelle. Convulsions also may be noticed in severe cases.
Physical examination
Appearance of the patient
The patient with rotavirus infection may be in a normal appearance. In cases of dehydration, there will be change in the patient appearance depending on the severity of the dehydration as the following:[1][2]
- In early stages of the rotavirus infection the patients are asymptomatic.
- In advanced cases, the patient may show irritable behavior.
- In severe cases, the patient appears pale and lethargic.
Vital signs
- Low blood pressure
- Fever due to the infection and the dehydration
Skin
- Dry skin in case of dehydration.
- Pallor
HEENT
- In infants depressed anterior fontanelle may be felt in case of dehydration
- Sunken eyes
Heart
- Normal heart sounds
- No murmurs, gallops or rubs
Abdomen
- Abdominal tenderness
- Cramps
Genitourinary
- Decreased urinary output
Neuromuscular
Rotavirus can cause several neurological signs in the severe cases including:[3]
- Convulsions
- Encephalopathy
- Encephalitis
References
- ↑ Parashar UD, Nelson EA, Kang G (2013). "Diagnosis, management, and prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children". BMJ. 347: f7204. doi:10.1136/bmj.f7204. PMID 24379214.
- ↑ WHO http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43209/1/9241593180.pdf Accessed on May 8, 2017
- ↑ Dickey M, Jamison L, Michaud L, Care M, Bernstein DI, Staat MA (2009). "Rotavirus meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy child and a review of the literature". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 28 (4): 318–21. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31818ddbe9. PMID 19258926.