Heat stroke medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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*Removing the patient from the environment to minimize heat exposure | *Removing the patient from the environment to minimize heat exposure | ||
*Initiating cooling protocols as soon as possible | *Initiating cooling protocols as soon as possible | ||
*Providing support to the effected organs | *Providing support to the effected organs | ||
===Cooling=== | |||
The cooling is done on the following principles:<ref name="pmid3942468">{{cite journal| author=Graham BS, Lichtenstein MJ, Hinson JM, Theil GB| title=Nonexertional heatstroke. Physiologic management and cooling in 14 patients. | journal=Arch Intern Med | year= 1986 | volume= 146 | issue= 1 | pages= 87-90 | pmid=3942468 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3942468 }} </ref><ref name="pmid6339107">{{cite journal| author=Rowell LB| title=Cardiovascular aspects of human thermoregulation. | journal=Circ Res | year= 1983 | volume= 52 | issue= 4 | pages= 367-79 | pmid=6339107 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6339107 }} </ref> | |||
*The heat is transferred from the body core to the skin and then dissipated into the air. | |||
*Vasodilatation of the vessels in the skin occurs as a compensatory mechanism to help dissipate the heat | |||
*Cooling therapies focus on increasing and facilitating the transfer of heat from the body to the surroundings while keeping the vasodilatory cooling mechanism intact. They can utilize: | |||
**Increasing the gradient of temperature between the body and the surroundings (cooling by the help of conduction) | |||
**Increasing the water vapor pressure gradient between the body and the surroundings (cooling by the help of evaporation) | |||
**Accelerating the flow of air closer to the skin (cooling by the help of convection) | |||
*These can be achieved by: | |||
**Application of water | |||
**Application of ice | |||
**Fanning | |||
===Avoidance of Excessive cooling=== | |||
Most of the techniques used for cooling can decrease the temparature of the body to below 30 degrees. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 16:28, 23 May 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2]
Overview
The heat stroke is primarily managed by removing the patient from the environment to minimize heat exposure and to ionitiate rapid cooling protocols.[1]
Medical Therapy
The heat stroke is primarily managed by:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Removing the patient from the environment to minimize heat exposure
- Initiating cooling protocols as soon as possible
- Providing support to the effected organs
Cooling
The cooling is done on the following principles:[4][6]
- The heat is transferred from the body core to the skin and then dissipated into the air.
- Vasodilatation of the vessels in the skin occurs as a compensatory mechanism to help dissipate the heat
- Cooling therapies focus on increasing and facilitating the transfer of heat from the body to the surroundings while keeping the vasodilatory cooling mechanism intact. They can utilize:
- Increasing the gradient of temperature between the body and the surroundings (cooling by the help of conduction)
- Increasing the water vapor pressure gradient between the body and the surroundings (cooling by the help of evaporation)
- Accelerating the flow of air closer to the skin (cooling by the help of convection)
- These can be achieved by:
- Application of water
- Application of ice
- Fanning
Avoidance of Excessive cooling
Most of the techniques used for cooling can decrease the temparature of the body to below 30 degrees.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Leon LR, Bouchama A (2015). "Heat stroke". Compr Physiol. 5 (2): 611–47. doi:10.1002/cphy.c140017. PMID 25880507.
- ↑ Bouchama A, Dehbi M, Mohamed G, Matthies F, Shoukri M, Menne B (2007). "Prognostic factors in heat wave related deaths: a meta-analysis". Arch Intern Med. 167 (20): 2170–6. doi:10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009. PMID 17698676.
- ↑ Bouchama A, Knochel JP (2002). "Heat stroke". N Engl J Med. 346 (25): 1978–88. doi:10.1056/NEJMra011089. PMID 12075060.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Graham BS, Lichtenstein MJ, Hinson JM, Theil GB (1986). "Nonexertional heatstroke. Physiologic management and cooling in 14 patients". Arch Intern Med. 146 (1): 87–90. PMID 3942468.
- ↑ Dematte JE, O'Mara K, Buescher J, Whitney CG, Forsythe S, McNamee T; et al. (1998). "Near-fatal heat stroke during the 1995 heat wave in Chicago". Ann Intern Med. 129 (3): 173–81. PMID 9696724.
- ↑ Rowell LB (1983). "Cardiovascular aspects of human thermoregulation". Circ Res. 52 (4): 367–79. PMID 6339107.