Tetanus historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
In 1884 Carle and Rattone discovered tetanus by injecting animals with [[pus]] from a patient who had died of tetanus. In 1924 Descombey developed the tetanus [[toxoid]], which was extensively utilized in the second World War. | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
Revision as of 22:15, 24 May 2017
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Tetanus Microchapters |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Tetanus historical perspective On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Tetanus historical perspective |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Tetanus historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
In 1884 Carle and Rattone discovered tetanus by injecting animals with pus from a patient who had died of tetanus. In 1924 Descombey developed the tetanus toxoid, which was extensively utilized in the second World War.
Historical Perspective
Although records from antiquity (5th century BCE) contain clinical descriptions of tetanus, it was Carle and Rattone in 1884 who first produced tetanus in animals by injecting them with pus from a fatal human tetanus case. During the same year, Nicolaier produced tetanus in animals by injecting them with samples of soil. In 1889, Kitasato isolated the organism from a human victim, showed that it produced disease when injected into animals, and reported that the toxin could be neutralized by specific antibodies. In 1897, Nocard demonstrated the protective effect of passively transferred antitoxin, and passive immunization in humans was used for treatment and prophylaxis during World War I. Tetanus toxoid was developed by Descombey in 1924. It was first widely used during World War II.
Famous Tetanus Victims
- George Montagu who was an expert on birds got tetanus after stepping on a nail.
- Joe Powell who was a soccer player got tetanus after undergoing a broken arm amputation.
- John A. Roebling who was a civil engineer and an architect and was known for his designing of bridges, in particular the Brooklyn Bridge, got tetanus after a foot amputation as result of a crash of a ferry.
- George Crockett Strong who was during the American Civil War, was a union brigadier general, got tetanus from wounds acquired as result of the assault against Fort Wagner on Morris Island, South Carolina.
- Fred Thomson who was a silent film actor, also got tetanus after stepping on a nail.
- Johann Tserclaes who was injured in the Battle of Rain by a cannon ball also acquired tetanus from this injury.
- Traveller that was the favorite horse of General Robert E. Lee also acquired tetanus after stepping on a nail.
- Henry David Thoreau's brother, John Thoreau also had tetanus.