Cryptococcosis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
=====Special tests===== | |||
Following are the special tests for meningitis. Positive tests provide a strong suspicion for meningeal irritation:<ref name="pmid12060874">{{cite journal| author=Thomas KE, Hasbun R, Jekel J, Quagliarello VJ| title=The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign, and nuchal rigidity in adults with suspected meningitis. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2002 | volume= 35 | issue= 1 | pages= 46-52 | pmid=12060874 | doi=10.1086/340979 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12060874 }} </ref> | |||
* | *[[Kernig's sign]] | ||
* | :*Postive [[Kernig's sign|kernig's]] sign indicate meningitis. | ||
* [[ | *[[Brudzinski's sign]] | ||
* | :*Positive [[Brudzinski's Sign|brudzinski's]] sign may suggest meningitis | ||
* [[ | *It should be noted that [[Kernig's sign]] and [[brudzinski's sign]] are not typically present in fungal meningitis. | ||
*Jolt accentuation:<ref name="pmid2071396">{{cite journal| author=Uchihara T, Tsukagoshi H| title=Jolt accentuation of headache: the most sensitive sign of CSF pleocytosis. | journal=Headache | year= 1991 | volume= 31 | issue= 3 | pages= 167-71 | pmid=2071396 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2071396 }} </ref> | |||
:*Exacerbation of [[headache]] by moving head in horizontal direction two to three times indicate positive test. | |||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
Revision as of 15:37, 5 June 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Physical Examination
Special tests
Following are the special tests for meningitis. Positive tests provide a strong suspicion for meningeal irritation:[1]
- Postive kernig's sign indicate meningitis.
- Positive brudzinski's sign may suggest meningitis
- It should be noted that Kernig's sign and brudzinski's sign are not typically present in fungal meningitis.
- Jolt accentuation:[2]
- Exacerbation of headache by moving head in horizontal direction two to three times indicate positive test.
Gallery
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![Skin lesion in a case of a disseminated fungal infection, cryptococcosis, caused by a member of the fungal genus, Cryptococcus. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [3]](/images/f/f3/Cryptococcosis05.jpeg)
Skin lesion in a case of a disseminated fungal infection, cryptococcosis, caused by a member of the fungal genus, Cryptococcus. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [3]
![Skin lesion in a case of a disseminated fungal infection, cryptococcosis, caused by a member of the fungal genus, Cryptococcus. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [3]](/index.php/File:Cryptococcosis05.jpeg)
References
- ↑ Thomas KE, Hasbun R, Jekel J, Quagliarello VJ (2002). "The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign, and nuchal rigidity in adults with suspected meningitis". Clin Infect Dis. 35 (1): 46–52. doi:10.1086/340979. PMID 12060874.
- ↑ Uchihara T, Tsukagoshi H (1991). "Jolt accentuation of headache: the most sensitive sign of CSF pleocytosis". Headache. 31 (3): 167–71. PMID 2071396.
- ↑ "Public Health Image Library (PHIL)".