Tetanus differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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}}</ref><ref name="pmid6145537">{{cite journal| author=Bond WS| title=Detection and management of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. | journal=Clin Pharm | year= 1984 | volume= 3 | issue= 3 | pages= 302-7 | pmid=6145537 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6145537 }} </ref> | }}</ref><ref name="pmid6145537">{{cite journal| author=Bond WS| title=Detection and management of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. | journal=Clin Pharm | year= 1984 | volume= 3 | issue= 3 | pages= 302-7 | pmid=6145537 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6145537 }} </ref><ref>{{Cite journal | ||
| author = [[S. Fahn]], [[S. B. Bressman]] & [[C. D. Marsden]] | |||
| title = Classification of dystonia | |||
| journal = [[Advances in neurology]] | |||
| volume = 78 | |||
| pages = 1–10 | |||
| year = 1998 | |||
| month = | |||
| pmid = 9750897 | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[Howard L. Geyer]] & [[Susan B. Bressman]] | |||
| title = The diagnosis of dystonia | |||
| journal = [[The Lancet. Neurology]] | |||
| volume = 5 | |||
| issue = 9 | |||
| pages = 780–790 | |||
| year = 2006 | |||
| month = September | |||
| doi = 10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70547-6 | |||
| pmid = 16914406 | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[Christine Klein]] & [[Laurie J. Ozelius]] | |||
| title = Dystonia: clinical features, genetics, and treatment | |||
| journal = [[Current opinion in neurology]] | |||
| volume = 15 | |||
| issue = 4 | |||
| pages = 491–497 | |||
| year = 2002 | |||
| month = August | |||
| pmid = 12151848 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
*Tetanus associated [[trismus]] | *Tetanus associated [[trismus]] | ||
Revision as of 18:50, 12 June 2017
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Tetanus Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Case Studies |
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Tetanus differential diagnosis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Tetanus differential diagnosis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Tetanus differential diagnosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Michael Maddaleni, B.S.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2]
Overview
Tetanus must be differentiated from strychnine poisoning, dental infections, drug reactions, hypocalcemia, meningitis, stroke and stiff man syndrome.[1]
Differentiating Tetanus from other Diseases
Some of the other diseases that need to be considered when trying to diagnose tetanus include:[2][3][4]
- Dental abscess
- Drug reactions
- Hypocalcaemia
- Meningitis
- Stiff man syndrome
- Strychnine poisoning
- Parkinson's disease
Differential for Unilateral Involuntary Face Movements
The differential diagnosis for abnormal one sided movements of the face includes:[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
- Tetanus associated trismus
- Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction
- Tetany
- Unilateral jaw dystonia
- Exclusive facial myokymia
- Exclusive hemifacial spasm
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) associated tonic spasms
- Focal motor epilepsy
- Hemimasticatory spasm in the presence or absence hemiatrophy of the face
| Disease | Diagnosis | Treatment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | Signs | Laboratory Findings | ||
| Tetanus |
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| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
|
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| |
| Viral Meningitis[16][17] |
|
|
|
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| Stiff man syndrome |
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|
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| Drug induced |
|
| ||
| Strychnine poisoning |
|
|
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| Hypocalcaemia | ||||
| Dental abscess | ||||
| Parkinson's disease | ||||
References
- ↑ Anisha Doshi, Clare Warrell, Dima Dahdaleh & Dimitri Kullmann (2014). "Just a graze? Cephalic tetanus presenting as a stroke mimic". Practical neurology. 14 (1): 39–41. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2013-000541. PMID 24052566. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ E. Andreadou, E. Kattoulas, C. Sfagos & D. Vassilopoulos (2007). "Stiff person syndrome: avoiding misdiagnosis". Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology. 28 (1): 35–37. doi:10.1007/s10072-007-0745-9. PMID 17385093. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Lisa Mitchell, William Adams & Francois Aspesberro (2017). "Case 6: Episodic Stiffness in a 30-month-old Girl". Pediatrics in review. 38 (1): 52–53. doi:10.1542/pir.2014-0142. PMID 28044038. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson, J. A. Obeso, G. Delgado, J. Gallego & C. D. Marsden (1986). "Focal dystonia of the jaw and the differential diagnosis of unilateral jaw and masticatory spasm". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 49 (6): 651–656. PMID 3734821. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson, J. A. Obeso, G. Delgado, J. Gallego & C. D. Marsden (1986). "Focal dystonia of the jaw and the differential diagnosis of unilateral jaw and masticatory spasm". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 49 (6): 651–656. PMID 3734821. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ J. R. Berger, W. A. Sheremata & E. Melamed (1984). "Paroxysmal dystonia as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis". Archives of neurology. 41 (7): 747–750. PMID 6743065. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ W. B. Matthews (1975). "Paroxysmal symptoms in multiple sclerosis". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 38 (6): 617–623. PMID 1151430. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson & W. M. Carroll (1983). "Hemimasticatory spasm--a peripheral paroxysmal cranial neuropathy?". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 46 (3): 274–276. PMID 6842234. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson & W. M. Carroll (1983). "Hemimasticatory and hemifacial spasm: a common pathophysiology?". Clinical and experimental neurology. 19: 110–119. PMID 6568919.
- ↑ L. R. Jenkyn, D. B. Walsh, C. M. Culver & A. G. Reeves (1977). "Clinical signs in diffuse cerebral dysfunction". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 40 (10): 956–966. PMID 591973. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ J. D. Rugh & W. K. Solberg (1976). "Psychological implications in temporomandibular pain and dysfunction". Oral sciences reviews. 7: 3–30. PMID 775369.
- ↑ Bond WS (1984). "Detection and management of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome". Clin Pharm. 3 (3): 302–7. PMID 6145537.
- ↑ S. Fahn, S. B. Bressman & C. D. Marsden (1998). "Classification of dystonia". Advances in neurology. 78: 1–10. PMID 9750897.
- ↑ Howard L. Geyer & Susan B. Bressman (2006). "The diagnosis of dystonia". The Lancet. Neurology. 5 (9): 780–790. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70547-6. PMID 16914406. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Christine Klein & Laurie J. Ozelius (2002). "Dystonia: clinical features, genetics, and treatment". Current opinion in neurology. 15 (4): 491–497. PMID 12151848. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Chow E, Troy SB (2014). "The differential diagnosis of hypoglycorrhachia in adult patients". Am J Med Sci. 348 (3): 186–90. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0000000000000217. PMC 4065645. PMID 24326618.
- ↑ Leen WG, Willemsen MA, Wevers RA, Verbeek MM (2012). "Cerebrospinal fluid glucose and lactate: age-specific reference values and implications for clinical practice". PLoS One. 7 (8): e42745. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042745. PMC 3412827. PMID 22880096.