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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Hemorrhoids can be classified according to their site into external and internal hemorrhoids. | |||
* | ===External hemorrhoids=== | ||
* | *External hemorrhoids are those that occur outside of the [[anal verge]]. | ||
* | *They are sometimes painful, and can be accompanied by swelling and irritation. Itching, although often thought to be a symptom from external hemorrhoids, is more commonly due to skin irritation. | ||
* | *External hemorrhoids are prone to [[thrombosis]]: if the vein ruptures and a [[blood clot]] develops, the hemorrhoid becomes a thrombosed hemorrhoid.<ref>E. Gojlan, ''Pathology, 2nd ed.'' Mosby Elsevier, Rapid Review series.</ref> | ||
===Internal hemorrhoids=== | |||
*Internal hemorrhoids are those that occur inside the [[rectum]]. | |||
*As this area lacks pain [[sensory receptor|receptors]], internal hemorrhoids are usually not painful and most people are not aware that they have them. | |||
*Internal hemorrhoids, however, may bleed when irritated. | |||
*Untreated internal hemorrhoids can lead to two severe forms of hemorrhoids: ''prolapsed'' and ''strangulated hemorrhoids'': | |||
===By degree of prolapse=== | ===By degree of prolapse=== | ||
The most common grading system was developed by Banov:<ref name=". <ref> name="pmid3861909">{{cite journal |author=Banov L, Knoepp LF, Erdman LH, Alia RT |title=Management of hemorrhoidal disease |journal=J S C Med Assoc |volume=81 |issue=7 |pages=398–401 |year=1985 |pmid=3861909 |doi=}}</ref> | Furthermore, prolapsed hemorrhoids can be graded according to severity into 4 grades. The most common grading system was developed by Banov:<ref name=". <ref> name="pmid3861909">{{cite journal |author=Banov L, Knoepp LF, Erdman LH, Alia RT |title=Management of hemorrhoidal disease |journal=J S C Med Assoc |volume=81 |issue=7 |pages=398–401 |year=1985 |pmid=3861909 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
* '''Grading of Internal Hemorrhoids''' | * '''Grading of Internal Hemorrhoids''' | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Classification
Hemorrhoids can be classified according to their site into external and internal hemorrhoids.
External hemorrhoids
- External hemorrhoids are those that occur outside of the anal verge.
- They are sometimes painful, and can be accompanied by swelling and irritation. Itching, although often thought to be a symptom from external hemorrhoids, is more commonly due to skin irritation.
- External hemorrhoids are prone to thrombosis: if the vein ruptures and a blood clot develops, the hemorrhoid becomes a thrombosed hemorrhoid.[1]
Internal hemorrhoids
- Internal hemorrhoids are those that occur inside the rectum.
- As this area lacks pain receptors, internal hemorrhoids are usually not painful and most people are not aware that they have them.
- Internal hemorrhoids, however, may bleed when irritated.
- Untreated internal hemorrhoids can lead to two severe forms of hemorrhoids: prolapsed and strangulated hemorrhoids:
By degree of prolapse
Furthermore, prolapsed hemorrhoids can be graded according to severity into 4 grades. The most common grading system was developed by Banov:[2]
- Grading of Internal Hemorrhoids
- Grade I: The hemorrhoids do not prolapse.
- Grade II: The hemorrhoids prolapse upon defecation but spontaneously reduce.
- Grade III: The hemorrhoids prolapse upon defecation, but must be manually reduced.
- Grade IV: The hemorrhoids are prolapsed and cannot be manually reduced.