Hemorrhoids other diagnostic studies

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Overview

Anoscopy is mandatory to visualize internal hemorrhoids as they are not visible on inspection of the anal verge or palapable on performing digital rectal exam.

Other Diagnostic Studies

• Internal hemorrhoids can be viewed only using the anoscope or the flexible sigmoidoscope.
• Hemorrhoids appear as bulging bluish mass above the dentate line.
• If there is accompanying constitutional symptoms (e.g. weight loss) , colonoscopy should be done to exclude colon cancer.

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Endoscopic image of internal hemorrhoids seen on retroflexion of the flexible sigmoidoscope at the ano-rectal junction	Direct view of hemorrhoid seen on sigmoidoscopy