Hemorrhoids classification: Difference between revisions
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Hemorrhoids can be classified according to their site into external and internal hemorrhoids. | Hemorrhoids can be classified according to their site into external and internal hemorrhoids. | ||
===External hemorrhoids=== | ===External hemorrhoids=== | ||
*External hemorrhoids are those that occur | |||
*They are sometimes painful, and can be accompanied by swelling and irritation. Itching, although often thought to be a symptom from external hemorrhoids, is more commonly due to skin irritation. | {| style="float: right; width: 350px;" | ||
*External hemorrhoids are prone to [[thrombosis]]: if the vein ruptures and a [[blood clot]] develops, the hemorrhoid becomes a thrombosed hemorrhoid.<ref>E. Gojlan, ''Pathology, 2nd ed.'' Mosby Elsevier, Rapid Review series.</ref> | | [[Image:Blausen 0408 Hemorrhoids.png|right|400px|By BruceBlaus. When using this image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436. - Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27924388]] | ||
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*External hemorrhoids are those that occur below the dentate line. | |||
*They are sometimes painful, and can be accompanied by swelling and irritation. | |||
*Itching, although often thought to be a symptom from external hemorrhoids, is more commonly due to skin irritation. | |||
*External hemorrhoids are prone to [[thrombosis]]: if the vein ruptures and a [[blood clot]] develops, the hemorrhoid becomes a [[thrombosed]] hemorrhoid.<ref>E. Gojlan, ''Pathology, 2nd ed.'' Mosby Elsevier, Rapid Review series.</ref> | |||
===Internal hemorrhoids=== | ===Internal hemorrhoids=== | ||
*Internal hemorrhoids are those that occur | *Internal hemorrhoids are those that occur above the dentate line. | ||
*As this area lacks pain [[sensory receptor|receptors]], internal hemorrhoids are usually not painful and most people are not aware that they have them. | *As this area lacks pain [[sensory receptor|receptors]], internal hemorrhoids are usually not painful and most people are not aware that they have them. | ||
*Internal hemorrhoids, however, may bleed when irritated. | *Internal hemorrhoids, however, may bleed when irritated. | ||
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====By degree of prolapse==== | ====By degree of prolapse==== | ||
Furthermore, internal hemorrhoids can be graded according to severity into 4 grades. The most common grading system was developed by Banov:<ref name=". <ref> name="pmid3861909">{{cite journal |author=Banov L, Knoepp LF, Erdman LH, Alia RT |title=Management of hemorrhoidal disease |journal=J S C Med Assoc |volume=81 |issue=7 |pages=398–401 |year=1985 |pmid=3861909 |doi=}}</ref> | Furthermore, internal hemorrhoids can be graded according to severity into 4 grades. The most common grading system was developed by Banov:<ref name=". <ref">name="pmid3861909">{{cite journal |author=Banov L, Knoepp LF, Erdman LH, Alia RT |title=Management of hemorrhoidal disease |journal=J S C Med Assoc |volume=81 |issue=7 |pages=398–401 |year=1985 |pmid=3861909 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
** '''Grade I:''' The hemorrhoids do not prolapse. | ** '''Grade I:''' The hemorrhoids do not prolapse. | ||
Revision as of 19:59, 19 June 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Hemorrhoids can be classified according to their site into external and internal hemorrhoids. Furthermore, internal hemorrhoids can be graded according to severity into 4 grades.
Classification
Hemorrhoids can be classified according to their site into external and internal hemorrhoids.
External hemorrhoids
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- External hemorrhoids are those that occur below the dentate line.
- They are sometimes painful, and can be accompanied by swelling and irritation.
- Itching, although often thought to be a symptom from external hemorrhoids, is more commonly due to skin irritation.
- External hemorrhoids are prone to thrombosis: if the vein ruptures and a blood clot develops, the hemorrhoid becomes a thrombosed hemorrhoid.[1]
Internal hemorrhoids
- Internal hemorrhoids are those that occur above the dentate line.
- As this area lacks pain receptors, internal hemorrhoids are usually not painful and most people are not aware that they have them.
- Internal hemorrhoids, however, may bleed when irritated.
- Untreated internal hemorrhoids can lead to two severe forms of hemorrhoids: prolapsed and strangulated hemorrhoids:
By degree of prolapse
Furthermore, internal hemorrhoids can be graded according to severity into 4 grades. The most common grading system was developed by Banov:[2]
- Grade I: The hemorrhoids do not prolapse.
- Grade II: The hemorrhoids prolapse upon defecation but spontaneously reduce.
- Grade III: The hemorrhoids prolapse upon defecation, but must be manually reduced.
- Grade IV: The hemorrhoids are prolapsed and cannot be manually reduced.